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   1  =head1 NAME
   2  
   3  perldiag - various Perl diagnostics
   4  
   5  =head1 DESCRIPTION
   6  
   7  These messages are classified as follows (listed in increasing order of
   8  desperation):
   9  
  10      (W) A warning (optional).
  11      (D) A deprecation (optional).
  12      (S) A severe warning (enabled by default).
  13      (F) A fatal error (trappable).
  14      (P) An internal error you should never see (trappable).
  15      (X) A very fatal error (nontrappable).
  16      (A) An alien error message (not generated by Perl).
  17  
  18  The majority of messages from the first three classifications above
  19  (W, D & S) can be controlled using the C<warnings> pragma.
  20  
  21  If a message can be controlled by the C<warnings> pragma, its warning
  22  category is included with the classification letter in the description
  23  below.
  24  
  25  Optional warnings are enabled by using the C<warnings> pragma or the B<-w>
  26  and B<-W> switches. Warnings may be captured by setting C<$SIG{__WARN__}>
  27  to a reference to a routine that will be called on each warning instead
  28  of printing it.  See L<perlvar>.
  29  
  30  Severe warnings are always enabled, unless they are explicitly disabled
  31  with the C<warnings> pragma or the B<-X> switch.
  32  
  33  Trappable errors may be trapped using the eval operator.  See
  34  L<perlfunc/eval>.  In almost all cases, warnings may be selectively
  35  disabled or promoted to fatal errors using the C<warnings> pragma.
  36  See L<warnings>.
  37  
  38  The messages are in alphabetical order, without regard to upper or
  39  lower-case.  Some of these messages are generic.  Spots that vary are
  40  denoted with a %s or other printf-style escape.  These escapes are
  41  ignored by the alphabetical order, as are all characters other than
  42  letters.  To look up your message, just ignore anything that is not a
  43  letter.
  44  
  45  =over 4
  46  
  47  =item accept() on closed socket %s
  48  
  49  (W closed) You tried to do an accept on a closed socket.  Did you forget
  50  to check the return value of your socket() call?  See
  51  L<perlfunc/accept>.
  52  
  53  =item Allocation too large: %lx
  54  
  55  (X) You can't allocate more than 64K on an MS-DOS machine.
  56  
  57  =item '%c' allowed only after types %s
  58  
  59  (F) The modifiers '!', '<' and '>' are allowed in pack() or unpack() only
  60  after certain types.  See L<perlfunc/pack>.
  61  
  62  =item Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &
  63  
  64  (W ambiguous) A subroutine you have declared has the same name as a Perl
  65  keyword, and you have used the name without qualification for calling
  66  one or the other.  Perl decided to call the builtin because the
  67  subroutine is not imported.
  68  
  69  To force interpretation as a subroutine call, either put an ampersand
  70  before the subroutine name, or qualify the name with its package.
  71  Alternatively, you can import the subroutine (or pretend that it's
  72  imported with the C<use subs> pragma).
  73  
  74  To silently interpret it as the Perl operator, use the C<CORE::> prefix
  75  on the operator (e.g. C<CORE::log($x)>) or declare the subroutine
  76  to be an object method (see L<perlsub/"Subroutine Attributes"> or
  77  L<attributes>).
  78  
  79  =item Ambiguous range in transliteration operator
  80  
  81  (F) You wrote something like C<tr/a-z-0//> which doesn't mean anything at
  82  all.  To include a C<-> character in a transliteration, put it either
  83  first or last.  (In the past, C<tr/a-z-0//> was synonymous with
  84  C<tr/a-y//>, which was probably not what you would have expected.)
  85  
  86  =item Ambiguous use of %s resolved as %s
  87  
  88  (W ambiguous)(S) You said something that may not be interpreted the way
  89  you thought.  Normally it's pretty easy to disambiguate it by supplying
  90  a missing quote, operator, parenthesis pair or declaration.
  91  
  92  =item '|' and '<' may not both be specified on command line
  93  
  94  (F) An error peculiar to VMS.  Perl does its own command line
  95  redirection, and found that STDIN was a pipe, and that you also tried to
  96  redirect STDIN using '<'.  Only one STDIN stream to a customer, please.
  97  
  98  =item '|' and '>' may not both be specified on command line
  99  
 100  (F) An error peculiar to VMS.  Perl does its own command line
 101  redirection, and thinks you tried to redirect stdout both to a file and
 102  into a pipe to another command.  You need to choose one or the other,
 103  though nothing's stopping you from piping into a program or Perl script
 104  which 'splits' output into two streams, such as
 105  
 106      open(OUT,">$ARGV[0]") or die "Can't write to $ARGV[0]: $!";
 107      while (<STDIN>) {
 108          print;
 109          print OUT;
 110      }
 111      close OUT;
 112  
 113  =item Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s)
 114  
 115  (W misc) The pattern match (C<//>), substitution (C<s///>), and
 116  transliteration (C<tr///>) operators work on scalar values.  If you apply
 117  one of them to an array or a hash, it will convert the array or hash to
 118  a scalar value -- the length of an array, or the population info of a
 119  hash -- and then work on that scalar value.  This is probably not what
 120  you meant to do.  See L<perlfunc/grep> and L<perlfunc/map> for
 121  alternatives.
 122  
 123  =item Args must match #! line
 124  
 125  (F) The setuid emulator requires that the arguments Perl was invoked
 126  with match the arguments specified on the #! line.  Since some systems
 127  impose a one-argument limit on the #! line, try combining switches;
 128  for example, turn C<-w -U> into C<-wU>.
 129  
 130  =item Arg too short for msgsnd
 131  
 132  (F) msgsnd() requires a string at least as long as sizeof(long).
 133  
 134  =item %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element
 135  
 136  (F) The argument to exists() must be a hash or array element or a
 137  subroutine with an ampersand, such as:
 138  
 139      $foo{$bar}
 140      $ref->{"susie"}[12]
 141      &do_something
 142  
 143  =item %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice
 144  
 145  (F) The argument to delete() must be either a hash or array element,
 146  such as:
 147  
 148      $foo{$bar}
 149      $ref->{"susie"}[12]
 150  
 151  or a hash or array slice, such as:
 152  
 153      @foo[$bar, $baz, $xyzzy]
 154      @{$ref->[12]}{"susie", "queue"}
 155  
 156  =item %s argument is not a subroutine name
 157  
 158  (F) The argument to exists() for C<exists &sub> must be a subroutine
 159  name, and not a subroutine call.  C<exists &sub()> will generate this
 160  error.
 161  
 162  =item Argument "%s" isn't numeric%s
 163  
 164  (W numeric) The indicated string was fed as an argument to an operator
 165  that expected a numeric value instead.  If you're fortunate the message
 166  will identify which operator was so unfortunate.
 167  
 168  =item Argument list not closed for PerlIO layer "%s"
 169  
 170  (W layer) When pushing a layer with arguments onto the Perl I/O system you
 171  forgot the ) that closes the argument list.  (Layers take care of transforming
 172  data between external and internal representations.)  Perl stopped parsing
 173  the layer list at this point and did not attempt to push this layer.
 174  If your program didn't explicitly request the failing operation, it may be
 175  the result of the value of the environment variable PERLIO.
 176  
 177  =item Array @%s missing the @ in argument %d of %s()
 178  
 179  (D deprecated) Really old Perl let you omit the @ on array names in some
 180  spots.  This is now heavily deprecated.
 181  
 182  =item assertion botched: %s
 183  
 184  (P) The malloc package that comes with Perl had an internal failure.
 185  
 186  =item Assertion failed: file "%s"
 187  
 188  (P) A general assertion failed.  The file in question must be examined.
 189  
 190  =item Assignment to both a list and a scalar
 191  
 192  (F) If you assign to a conditional operator, the 2nd and 3rd arguments
 193  must either both be scalars or both be lists.  Otherwise Perl won't
 194  know which context to supply to the right side.
 195  
 196  =item A thread exited while %d threads were running
 197  
 198  (W threads)(S) When using threaded Perl, a thread (not necessarily the main
 199  thread) exited while there were still other threads running.
 200  Usually it's a good idea to first collect the return values of the
 201  created threads by joining them, and only then exit from the main
 202  thread.  See L<threads>.
 203  
 204  =item Attempt to access disallowed key '%s' in a restricted hash
 205  
 206  (F) The failing code has attempted to get or set a key which is not in
 207  the current set of allowed keys of a restricted hash.
 208  
 209  =item Attempt to bless into a reference
 210  
 211  (F) The CLASSNAME argument to the bless() operator is expected to be
 212  the name of the package to bless the resulting object into. You've
 213  supplied instead a reference to something: perhaps you wrote
 214  
 215      bless $self, $proto;
 216  
 217  when you intended
 218  
 219      bless $self, ref($proto) || $proto;
 220  
 221  If you actually want to bless into the stringified version
 222  of the reference supplied, you need to stringify it yourself, for
 223  example by:
 224  
 225      bless $self, "$proto";
 226  
 227  =item Attempt to delete disallowed key '%s' from a restricted hash
 228  
 229  (F) The failing code attempted to delete from a restricted hash a key
 230  which is not in its key set.
 231  
 232  =item Attempt to delete readonly key '%s' from a restricted hash
 233  
 234  (F) The failing code attempted to delete a key whose value has been
 235  declared readonly from a restricted hash.
 236  
 237  =item Attempt to free non-arena SV: 0x%lx
 238  
 239  (P internal) All SV objects are supposed to be allocated from arenas
 240  that will be garbage collected on exit.  An SV was discovered to be
 241  outside any of those arenas.
 242  
 243  =item Attempt to free nonexistent shared string
 244  
 245  (P internal) Perl maintains a reference counted internal table of
 246  strings to optimize the storage and access of hash keys and other
 247  strings.  This indicates someone tried to decrement the reference count
 248  of a string that can no longer be found in the table.
 249  
 250  =item Attempt to free temp prematurely
 251  
 252  (W debugging) Mortalized values are supposed to be freed by the
 253  free_tmps() routine.  This indicates that something else is freeing the
 254  SV before the free_tmps() routine gets a chance, which means that the
 255  free_tmps() routine will be freeing an unreferenced scalar when it does
 256  try to free it.
 257  
 258  =item Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers
 259  
 260  (P internal) The reference counts got screwed up on symbol aliases.
 261  
 262  =item Attempt to free unreferenced scalar
 263  
 264  (W internal) Perl went to decrement the reference count of a scalar to
 265  see if it would go to 0, and discovered that it had already gone to 0
 266  earlier, and should have been freed, and in fact, probably was freed.
 267  This could indicate that SvREFCNT_dec() was called too many times, or
 268  that SvREFCNT_inc() was called too few times, or that the SV was
 269  mortalized when it shouldn't have been, or that memory has been
 270  corrupted.
 271  
 272  =item Attempt to join self
 273  
 274  (F) You tried to join a thread from within itself, which is an
 275  impossible task.  You may be joining the wrong thread, or you may need
 276  to move the join() to some other thread.
 277  
 278  =item Attempt to pack pointer to temporary value
 279  
 280  (W pack) You tried to pass a temporary value (like the result of a
 281  function, or a computed expression) to the "p" pack() template.  This
 282  means the result contains a pointer to a location that could become
 283  invalid anytime, even before the end of the current statement.  Use
 284  literals or global values as arguments to the "p" pack() template to
 285  avoid this warning.
 286  
 287  =item Attempt to reload %s aborted.
 288  
 289  (F) You tried to load a file with C<use> or C<require> that failed to
 290  compile once already.  Perl will not try to compile this file again
 291  unless you delete its entry from %INC.  See L<perlfunc/require> and
 292  L<perlvar/%INC>.
 293  
 294  =item Attempt to set length of freed array
 295  
 296  (W) You tried to set the length of an array which has been freed.  You
 297  can do this by storing a reference to the scalar representing the last index
 298  of an array and later assigning through that reference. For example
 299  
 300      $r = do {my @a; \$#a};
 301      $$r = 503
 302  
 303  =item Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr
 304  
 305  (W substr) You supplied a reference as the first argument to substr()
 306  used as an lvalue, which is pretty strange.  Perhaps you forgot to
 307  dereference it first.  See L<perlfunc/substr>.
 308  
 309  =item Bad arg length for %s, is %d, should be %s
 310  
 311  (F) You passed a buffer of the wrong size to one of msgctl(), semctl()
 312  or shmctl().  In C parlance, the correct sizes are, respectively,
 313  S<sizeof(struct msqid_ds *)>, S<sizeof(struct semid_ds *)>, and
 314  S<sizeof(struct shmid_ds *)>.
 315  
 316  =item Bad evalled substitution pattern
 317  
 318  (F) You've used the C</e> switch to evaluate the replacement for a
 319  substitution, but perl found a syntax error in the code to evaluate,
 320  most likely an unexpected right brace '}'.
 321  
 322  =item Bad filehandle: %s
 323  
 324  (F) A symbol was passed to something wanting a filehandle, but the
 325  symbol has no filehandle associated with it.  Perhaps you didn't do an
 326  open(), or did it in another package.
 327  
 328  =item Bad free() ignored
 329  
 330  (S malloc) An internal routine called free() on something that had never
 331  been malloc()ed in the first place. Mandatory, but can be disabled by
 332  setting environment variable C<PERL_BADFREE> to 0.
 333  
 334  This message can be seen quite often with DB_File on systems with "hard"
 335  dynamic linking, like C<AIX> and C<OS/2>. It is a bug of C<Berkeley DB>
 336  which is left unnoticed if C<DB> uses I<forgiving> system malloc().
 337  
 338  =item Bad hash
 339  
 340  (P) One of the internal hash routines was passed a null HV pointer.
 341  
 342  =item Badly placed ()'s
 343  
 344  (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead
 345  of Perl.  Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into
 346  Perl yourself.
 347  
 348  =item Bad name after %s::
 349  
 350  (F) You started to name a symbol by using a package prefix, and then
 351  didn't finish the symbol.  In particular, you can't interpolate outside
 352  of quotes, so
 353  
 354      $var = 'myvar';
 355      $sym = mypack::$var;
 356  
 357  is not the same as
 358  
 359      $var = 'myvar';
 360      $sym = "mypack::$var";
 361  
 362  =item Bad realloc() ignored
 363  
 364  (S malloc) An internal routine called realloc() on something that had
 365  never been malloc()ed in the first place. Mandatory, but can be disabled
 366  by setting environment variable C<PERL_BADFREE> to 1.
 367  
 368  =item Bad symbol for array
 369  
 370  (P) An internal request asked to add an array entry to something that
 371  wasn't a symbol table entry.
 372  
 373  =item Bad symbol for dirhandle
 374  
 375  (P) An internal request asked to add a dirhandle entry to something
 376  that wasn't a symbol table entry.
 377  
 378  
 379  =item Bad symbol for filehandle
 380  
 381  (P) An internal request asked to add a filehandle entry to something
 382  that wasn't a symbol table entry.
 383  
 384  =item Bad symbol for hash
 385  
 386  (P) An internal request asked to add a hash entry to something that
 387  wasn't a symbol table entry.
 388  
 389  =item Bareword found in conditional
 390  
 391  (W bareword) The compiler found a bareword where it expected a
 392  conditional, which often indicates that an || or && was parsed as part
 393  of the last argument of the previous construct, for example:
 394  
 395      open FOO || die;
 396  
 397  It may also indicate a misspelled constant that has been interpreted as
 398  a bareword:
 399  
 400      use constant TYPO => 1;
 401      if (TYOP) { print "foo" }
 402  
 403  The C<strict> pragma is useful in avoiding such errors.
 404  
 405  =item Bareword "%s" not allowed while "strict subs" in use
 406  
 407  (F) With "strict subs" in use, a bareword is only allowed as a
 408  subroutine identifier, in curly brackets or to the left of the "=>"
 409  symbol.  Perhaps you need to predeclare a subroutine?
 410  
 411  =item Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package
 412  
 413  (W bareword) You used a qualified bareword of the form C<Foo::>, but the
 414  compiler saw no other uses of that namespace before that point.  Perhaps
 415  you need to predeclare a package?
 416  
 417  =item BEGIN failed--compilation aborted
 418  
 419  (F) An untrapped exception was raised while executing a BEGIN
 420  subroutine.  Compilation stops immediately and the interpreter is
 421  exited.
 422  
 423  =item BEGIN not safe after errors--compilation aborted
 424  
 425  (F) Perl found a C<BEGIN {}> subroutine (or a C<use> directive, which
 426  implies a C<BEGIN {}>) after one or more compilation errors had already
 427  occurred.  Since the intended environment for the C<BEGIN {}> could not
 428  be guaranteed (due to the errors), and since subsequent code likely
 429  depends on its correct operation, Perl just gave up.
 430  
 431  =item \1 better written as $1
 432  
 433  (W syntax) Outside of patterns, backreferences live on as variables.
 434  The use of backslashes is grandfathered on the right-hand side of a
 435  substitution, but stylistically it's better to use the variable form
 436  because other Perl programmers will expect it, and it works better if
 437  there are more than 9 backreferences.
 438  
 439  =item Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable
 440  
 441  (W portable) The binary number you specified is larger than 2**32-1
 442  (4294967295) and therefore non-portable between systems.  See
 443  L<perlport> for more on portability concerns.
 444  
 445  =item bind() on closed socket %s
 446  
 447  (W closed) You tried to do a bind on a closed socket.  Did you forget to
 448  check the return value of your socket() call?  See L<perlfunc/bind>.
 449  
 450  =item binmode() on closed filehandle %s
 451  
 452  (W unopened) You tried binmode() on a filehandle that was never opened.
 453  Check you control flow and number of arguments.
 454  
 455  =item Bit vector size > 32 non-portable
 456  
 457  (W portable) Using bit vector sizes larger than 32 is non-portable.
 458  
 459  =item Bizarre copy of %s in %s
 460  
 461  (P) Perl detected an attempt to copy an internal value that is not
 462  copyable.
 463  
 464  =item Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s
 465  
 466  (W internal) A warning peculiar to VMS.  While Perl was preparing to
 467  iterate over %ENV, it encountered a logical name or symbol definition
 468  which was too long, so it was truncated to the string shown.
 469  
 470  =item Callback called exit
 471  
 472  (F) A subroutine invoked from an external package via call_sv()
 473  exited by calling exit.
 474  
 475  =item %s() called too early to check prototype
 476  
 477  (W prototype) You've called a function that has a prototype before the
 478  parser saw a definition or declaration for it, and Perl could not check
 479  that the call conforms to the prototype.  You need to either add an
 480  early prototype declaration for the subroutine in question, or move the
 481  subroutine definition ahead of the call to get proper prototype
 482  checking.  Alternatively, if you are certain that you're calling the
 483  function correctly, you may put an ampersand before the name to avoid
 484  the warning.  See L<perlsub>.
 485  
 486  =item Cannot compress integer in pack
 487  
 488  (F) An argument to pack("w",...) was too large to compress.  The BER
 489  compressed integer format can only be used with positive integers, and you
 490  attempted to compress Infinity or a very large number (> 1e308).
 491  See L<perlfunc/pack>.
 492  
 493  =item Cannot compress negative numbers in pack
 494  
 495  (F) An argument to pack("w",...) was negative.  The BER compressed integer
 496  format can only be used with positive integers.  See L<perlfunc/pack>.
 497  
 498  =item Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob
 499  
 500  (F) You manipulated Perl's symbol table directly, stored a reference in it,
 501  then tried to access that symbol via conventional Perl syntax. The access
 502  triggers Perl to autovivify that typeglob, but it there is no legal conversion
 503  from that type of reference to a typeglob.
 504  
 505  =item Cannot copy to %s in %s
 506  
 507  (P) Perl detected an attempt to copy a value to an internal type that cannot
 508  be directly assigned not.
 509  
 510  =item Can only compress unsigned integers in pack
 511  
 512  (F) An argument to pack("w",...) was not an integer.  The BER compressed
 513  integer format can only be used with positive integers, and you attempted
 514  to compress something else.  See L<perlfunc/pack>.
 515  
 516  =item Can't bless non-reference value
 517  
 518  (F) Only hard references may be blessed.  This is how Perl "enforces"
 519  encapsulation of objects.  See L<perlobj>.
 520  
 521  =item Can't "break" in a loop topicalizer
 522  
 523  (F) You called C<break>, but you're in a C<foreach> block rather than
 524  a C<given> block. You probably meant to use C<next> or C<last>.
 525  
 526  =item Can't "break" outside a given block
 527  
 528  (F) You called C<break>, but you're not inside a C<given> block.
 529  
 530  =item Can't call method "%s" in empty package "%s"
 531  
 532  (F) You called a method correctly, and it correctly indicated a package
 533  functioning as a class, but that package doesn't have ANYTHING defined
 534  in it, let alone methods.  See L<perlobj>.
 535  
 536  =item Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value
 537  
 538  (F) You used the syntax of a method call, but the slot filled by the
 539  object reference or package name contains an undefined value.  Something
 540  like this will reproduce the error:
 541  
 542      $BADREF = undef;
 543      process $BADREF 1,2,3;
 544      $BADREF->process(1,2,3);
 545  
 546  =item Can't call method "%s" on unblessed reference
 547  
 548  (F) A method call must know in what package it's supposed to run.  It
 549  ordinarily finds this out from the object reference you supply, but you
 550  didn't supply an object reference in this case.  A reference isn't an
 551  object reference until it has been blessed.  See L<perlobj>.
 552  
 553  =item Can't call method "%s" without a package or object reference
 554  
 555  (F) You used the syntax of a method call, but the slot filled by the
 556  object reference or package name contains an expression that returns a
 557  defined value which is neither an object reference nor a package name.
 558  Something like this will reproduce the error:
 559  
 560      $BADREF = 42;
 561      process $BADREF 1,2,3;
 562      $BADREF->process(1,2,3);
 563  
 564  =item Can't chdir to %s
 565  
 566  (F) You called C<perl -x/foo/bar>, but C</foo/bar> is not a directory
 567  that you can chdir to, possibly because it doesn't exist.
 568  
 569  =item Can't check filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid
 570  
 571  (P) For some reason you can't check the filesystem of the script for
 572  nosuid.
 573  
 574  =item Can't coerce array into hash
 575  
 576  (F) You used an array where a hash was expected, but the array has no
 577  information on how to map from keys to array indices.  You can do that
 578  only with arrays that have a hash reference at index 0.
 579  
 580  =item Can't coerce %s to integer in %s
 581  
 582  (F) Certain types of SVs, in particular real symbol table entries
 583  (typeglobs), can't be forced to stop being what they are.  So you can't
 584  say things like:
 585  
 586      *foo += 1;
 587  
 588  You CAN say
 589  
 590      $foo = *foo;
 591      $foo += 1;
 592  
 593  but then $foo no longer contains a glob.
 594  
 595  =item Can't coerce %s to number in %s
 596  
 597  (F) Certain types of SVs, in particular real symbol table entries
 598  (typeglobs), can't be forced to stop being what they are.
 599  
 600  =item Can't coerce %s to string in %s
 601  
 602  (F) Certain types of SVs, in particular real symbol table entries
 603  (typeglobs), can't be forced to stop being what they are.
 604  
 605  =item Can't "continue" outside a when block
 606  
 607  (F) You called C<continue>, but you're not inside a C<when>
 608  or C<default> block.
 609  
 610  =item Can't create pipe mailbox
 611  
 612  (P) An error peculiar to VMS.  The process is suffering from exhausted
 613  quotas or other plumbing problems.
 614  
 615  =item Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s"
 616  
 617  (F) Currently, only scalar variables can be declared with a specific
 618  class qualifier in a "my", "our" or "state" declaration.  The semantics may be
 619  extended for other types of variables in future.
 620  
 621  =item Can't declare %s in "%s"
 622  
 623  (F) Only scalar, array, and hash variables may be declared as "my", "our" or
 624  "state" variables.  They must have ordinary identifiers as names.
 625  
 626  =item Can't do inplace edit: %s is not a regular file
 627  
 628  (S inplace) You tried to use the B<-i> switch on a special file, such as
 629  a file in /dev, or a FIFO.  The file was ignored.
 630  
 631  =item Can't do inplace edit on %s: %s
 632  
 633  (S inplace) The creation of the new file failed for the indicated
 634  reason.
 635  
 636  =item Can't do inplace edit without backup
 637  
 638  (F) You're on a system such as MS-DOS that gets confused if you try
 639  reading from a deleted (but still opened) file.  You have to say
 640  C<-i.bak>, or some such.
 641  
 642  =item Can't do inplace edit: %s would not be unique
 643  
 644  (S inplace) Your filesystem does not support filenames longer than 14
 645  characters and Perl was unable to create a unique filename during
 646  inplace editing with the B<-i> switch.  The file was ignored.
 647  
 648  =item Can't do {n,m} with n > m in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
 649  
 650  (F) Minima must be less than or equal to maxima. If you really want your
 651  regexp to match something 0 times, just put {0}. The <-- HERE shows in the
 652  regular expression about where the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>.
 653  
 654  =item Can't do setegid!
 655  
 656  (P) The setegid() call failed for some reason in the setuid emulator of
 657  suidperl.
 658  
 659  =item Can't do seteuid!
 660  
 661  (P) The setuid emulator of suidperl failed for some reason.
 662  
 663  =item Can't do setuid
 664  
 665  (F) This typically means that ordinary perl tried to exec suidperl to do
 666  setuid emulation, but couldn't exec it.  It looks for a name of the form
 667  sperl5.000 in the same directory that the perl executable resides under
 668  the name perl5.000, typically /usr/local/bin on Unix machines.  If the
 669  file is there, check the execute permissions.  If it isn't, ask your
 670  sysadmin why he and/or she removed it.
 671  
 672  =item Can't do waitpid with flags
 673  
 674  (F) This machine doesn't have either waitpid() or wait4(), so only
 675  waitpid() without flags is emulated.
 676  
 677  =item Can't emulate -%s on #! line
 678  
 679  (F) The #! line specifies a switch that doesn't make sense at this
 680  point.  For example, it'd be kind of silly to put a B<-x> on the #!
 681  line.
 682  
 683  =item Can't %s %s-endian %ss on this platform
 684  
 685  (F) Your platform's byte-order is neither big-endian nor little-endian,
 686  or it has a very strange pointer size.  Packing and unpacking big- or
 687  little-endian floating point values and pointers may not be possible.
 688  See L<perlfunc/pack>.
 689  
 690  =item Can't exec "%s": %s
 691  
 692  (W exec) A system(), exec(), or piped open call could not execute the
 693  named program for the indicated reason.  Typical reasons include: the
 694  permissions were wrong on the file, the file wasn't found in
 695  C<$ENV{PATH}>, the executable in question was compiled for another
 696  architecture, or the #! line in a script points to an interpreter that
 697  can't be run for similar reasons.  (Or maybe your system doesn't support
 698  #! at all.)
 699  
 700  =item Can't exec %s
 701  
 702  (F) Perl was trying to execute the indicated program for you because
 703  that's what the #! line said.  If that's not what you wanted, you may
 704  need to mention "perl" on the #! line somewhere.
 705  
 706  =item Can't execute %s
 707  
 708  (F) You used the B<-S> switch, but the copies of the script to execute
 709  found in the PATH did not have correct permissions.
 710  
 711  =item Can't find an opnumber for "%s"
 712  
 713  (F) A string of a form C<CORE::word> was given to prototype(), but there
 714  is no builtin with the name C<word>.
 715  
 716  =item Can't find %s character property "%s"
 717  
 718  (F) You used C<\p{}> or C<\P{}> but the character property by that name
 719  could not be found. Maybe you misspelled the name of the property
 720  (remember that the names of character properties consist only of
 721  alphanumeric characters), or maybe you forgot the C<Is> or C<In> prefix?
 722  
 723  =item Can't find label %s
 724  
 725  (F) You said to goto a label that isn't mentioned anywhere that it's
 726  possible for us to go to.  See L<perlfunc/goto>.
 727  
 728  =item Can't find %s on PATH
 729  
 730  (F) You used the B<-S> switch, but the script to execute could not be
 731  found in the PATH.
 732  
 733  =item Can't find %s on PATH, '.' not in PATH
 734  
 735  (F) You used the B<-S> switch, but the script to execute could not be
 736  found in the PATH, or at least not with the correct permissions.  The
 737  script exists in the current directory, but PATH prohibits running it.
 738  
 739  =item Can't find string terminator %s anywhere before EOF
 740  
 741  (F) Perl strings can stretch over multiple lines.  This message means
 742  that the closing delimiter was omitted.  Because bracketed quotes count
 743  nesting levels, the following is missing its final parenthesis:
 744  
 745      print q(The character '(' starts a side comment.);
 746  
 747  If you're getting this error from a here-document, you may have included
 748  unseen whitespace before or after your closing tag. A good programmer's
 749  editor will have a way to help you find these characters.
 750  
 751  =item Can't find Unicode property definition "%s"
 752  
 753  (F) You may have tried to use C<\p> which means a Unicode property (for
 754  example C<\p{Lu}> is all uppercase letters).  If you did mean to use a
 755  Unicode property, see L<perlunicode> for the list of known properties.
 756  If you didn't mean to use a Unicode property, escape the C<\p>, either
 757  by C<\\p> (just the C<\p>) or by C<\Q\p> (the rest of the string, until
 758  possible C<\E>).
 759  
 760  =item Can't fork
 761  
 762  (F) A fatal error occurred while trying to fork while opening a
 763  pipeline.
 764  
 765  =item Can't get filespec - stale stat buffer?
 766  
 767  (S) A warning peculiar to VMS.  This arises because of the difference
 768  between access checks under VMS and under the Unix model Perl assumes.
 769  Under VMS, access checks are done by filename, rather than by bits in
 770  the stat buffer, so that ACLs and other protections can be taken into
 771  account.  Unfortunately, Perl assumes that the stat buffer contains all
 772  the necessary information, and passes it, instead of the filespec, to
 773  the access checking routine.  It will try to retrieve the filespec using
 774  the device name and FID present in the stat buffer, but this works only
 775  if you haven't made a subsequent call to the CRTL stat() routine,
 776  because the device name is overwritten with each call.  If this warning
 777  appears, the name lookup failed, and the access checking routine gave up
 778  and returned FALSE, just to be conservative.  (Note: The access checking
 779  routine knows about the Perl C<stat> operator and file tests, so you
 780  shouldn't ever see this warning in response to a Perl command; it arises
 781  only if some internal code takes stat buffers lightly.)
 782  
 783  =item Can't get pipe mailbox device name
 784  
 785  (P) An error peculiar to VMS.  After creating a mailbox to act as a
 786  pipe, Perl can't retrieve its name for later use.
 787  
 788  =item Can't get SYSGEN parameter value for MAXBUF
 789  
 790  (P) An error peculiar to VMS.  Perl asked $GETSYI how big you want your
 791  mailbox buffers to be, and didn't get an answer.
 792  
 793  =item Can't "goto" into the middle of a foreach loop
 794  
 795  (F) A "goto" statement was executed to jump into the middle of a foreach
 796  loop.  You can't get there from here.  See L<perlfunc/goto>.
 797  
 798  =item Can't "goto" out of a pseudo block
 799  
 800  (F) A "goto" statement was executed to jump out of what might look like
 801  a block, except that it isn't a proper block.  This usually occurs if
 802  you tried to jump out of a sort() block or subroutine, which is a no-no.
 803  See L<perlfunc/goto>.
 804  
 805  =item Can't goto subroutine from a sort sub (or similar callback)
 806  
 807  (F) The "goto subroutine" call can't be used to jump out of the
 808  comparison sub for a sort(), or from a similar callback (such
 809  as the reduce() function in List::Util).
 810  
 811  =item Can't goto subroutine from an eval-%s
 812  
 813  (F) The "goto subroutine" call can't be used to jump out of an eval
 814  "string" or block.
 815  
 816  =item Can't goto subroutine outside a subroutine
 817  
 818  (F) The deeply magical "goto subroutine" call can only replace one
 819  subroutine call for another.  It can't manufacture one out of whole
 820  cloth.  In general you should be calling it out of only an AUTOLOAD
 821  routine anyway.  See L<perlfunc/goto>.
 822  
 823  =item Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default
 824  
 825  (W signal) Perl has detected that it is being run with the SIGCHLD
 826  signal (sometimes known as SIGCLD) disabled.  Since disabling this
 827  signal will interfere with proper determination of exit status of child
 828  processes, Perl has reset the signal to its default value.  This
 829  situation typically indicates that the parent program under which Perl
 830  may be running (e.g. cron) is being very careless.
 831  
 832  =item Can't "last" outside a loop block
 833  
 834  (F) A "last" statement was executed to break out of the current block,
 835  except that there's this itty bitty problem called there isn't a current
 836  block.  Note that an "if" or "else" block doesn't count as a "loopish"
 837  block, as doesn't a block given to sort(), map() or grep().  You can
 838  usually double the curlies to get the same effect though, because the
 839  inner curlies will be considered a block that loops once.  See
 840  L<perlfunc/last>.
 841  
 842  =item Can't linearize anonymous symbol table
 843  
 844  (F) Perl tried to calculate the method resolution order (MRO) of a
 845  package, but failed because the package stash has no name.
 846  
 847  =item Can't load '%s' for module %s
 848  
 849  (F) The module you tried to load failed to load a dynamic extension. This
 850  may either mean that you upgraded your version of perl to one that is
 851  incompatible with your old dynamic extensions (which is known to happen
 852  between major versions of perl), or (more likely) that your dynamic
 853  extension was built against an older version of the library that is
 854  installed on your system. You may need to rebuild your old dynamic
 855  extensions.
 856  
 857  =item Can't localize lexical variable %s
 858  
 859  (F) You used local on a variable name that was previously declared as a
 860  lexical variable using "my" or "state".  This is not allowed.  If you want to
 861  localize a package variable of the same name, qualify it with the
 862  package name.
 863  
 864  =item Can't localize through a reference
 865  
 866  (F) You said something like C<local $$ref>, which Perl can't currently
 867  handle, because when it goes to restore the old value of whatever $ref
 868  pointed to after the scope of the local() is finished, it can't be sure
 869  that $ref will still be a reference.
 870  
 871  =item Can't locate %s
 872  
 873  (F) You said to C<do> (or C<require>, or C<use>) a file that couldn't be
 874  found. Perl looks for the file in all the locations mentioned in @INC,
 875  unless the file name included the full path to the file.  Perhaps you
 876  need to set the PERL5LIB or PERL5OPT environment variable to say where
 877  the extra library is, or maybe the script needs to add the library name
 878  to @INC.  Or maybe you just misspelled the name of the file.  See
 879  L<perlfunc/require> and L<lib>.
 880  
 881  =item Can't locate auto/%s.al in @INC
 882  
 883  (F) A function (or method) was called in a package which allows
 884  autoload, but there is no function to autoload.  Most probable causes
 885  are a misprint in a function/method name or a failure to C<AutoSplit>
 886  the file, say, by doing C<make install>.
 887  
 888  =item Can't locate loadable object for module %s in @INC
 889  
 890  (F) The module you loaded is trying to load an external library, like
 891  for example, C<foo.so> or C<bar.dll>, but the L<DynaLoader> module was
 892  unable to locate this library.  See L<DynaLoader>.
 893  
 894  =item Can't locate object method "%s" via package "%s"
 895  
 896  (F) You called a method correctly, and it correctly indicated a package
 897  functioning as a class, but that package doesn't define that particular
 898  method, nor does any of its base classes.  See L<perlobj>.
 899  
 900  =item Can't locate package %s for @%s::ISA
 901  
 902  (W syntax) The @ISA array contained the name of another package that
 903  doesn't seem to exist.
 904  
 905  =item Can't locate package %s for the parents of %s
 906  
 907  (W syntax) You did not define (or require/use) the first package,
 908  which is named as a (possibly indirect) parent of the second by
 909  C<@ISA> inheritance.  Perl will treat this as if the undefined
 910  package had an empty C<@ISA>.
 911  
 912  =item Can't locate PerlIO%s
 913  
 914  (F) You tried to use in open() a PerlIO layer that does not exist,
 915  e.g. open(FH, ">:nosuchlayer", "somefile").
 916  
 917  =item Can't make list assignment to \%ENV on this system
 918  
 919  (F) List assignment to %ENV is not supported on some systems, notably
 920  VMS.
 921  
 922  =item Can't modify %s in %s
 923  
 924  (F) You aren't allowed to assign to the item indicated, or otherwise try
 925  to change it, such as with an auto-increment.
 926  
 927  =item Can't modify nonexistent substring
 928  
 929  (P) The internal routine that does assignment to a substr() was handed
 930  a NULL.
 931  
 932  =item Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call
 933  
 934  (F) Subroutines meant to be used in lvalue context should be declared as
 935  such, see L<perlsub/"Lvalue subroutines">.
 936  
 937  =item Can't msgrcv to read-only var
 938  
 939  (F) The target of a msgrcv must be modifiable to be used as a receive
 940  buffer.
 941  
 942  =item Can't "next" outside a loop block
 943  
 944  (F) A "next" statement was executed to reiterate the current block, but
 945  there isn't a current block.  Note that an "if" or "else" block doesn't
 946  count as a "loopish" block, as doesn't a block given to sort(), map() or
 947  grep().  You can usually double the curlies to get the same effect
 948  though, because the inner curlies will be considered a block that loops
 949  once.  See L<perlfunc/next>.
 950  
 951  =item Can't open %s: %s
 952  
 953  (S inplace) The implicit opening of a file through use of the C<< <> >>
 954  filehandle, either implicitly under the C<-n> or C<-p> command-line
 955  switches, or explicitly, failed for the indicated reason.  Usually this
 956  is because you don't have read permission for a file which you named on
 957  the command line.
 958  
 959  =item Can't open a reference
 960  
 961  (W io) You tried to open a scalar reference for reading or writing,
 962  using the 3-arg open() syntax :
 963  
 964      open FH, '>', $ref;
 965  
 966  but your version of perl is compiled without perlio, and this form of
 967  open is not supported.
 968  
 969  =item Can't open bidirectional pipe
 970  
 971  (W pipe) You tried to say C<open(CMD, "|cmd|")>, which is not supported.
 972  You can try any of several modules in the Perl library to do this, such
 973  as IPC::Open2.  Alternately, direct the pipe's output to a file using
 974  ">", and then read it in under a different file handle.
 975  
 976  =item Can't open error file %s as stderr
 977  
 978  (F) An error peculiar to VMS.  Perl does its own command line
 979  redirection, and couldn't open the file specified after '2>' or '2>>' on
 980  the command line for writing.
 981  
 982  =item Can't open input file %s as stdin
 983  
 984  (F) An error peculiar to VMS.  Perl does its own command line
 985  redirection, and couldn't open the file specified after '<' on the
 986  command line for reading.
 987  
 988  =item Can't open output file %s as stdout
 989  
 990  (F) An error peculiar to VMS.  Perl does its own command line
 991  redirection, and couldn't open the file specified after '>' or '>>' on
 992  the command line for writing.
 993  
 994  =item Can't open output pipe (name: %s)
 995  
 996  (P) An error peculiar to VMS.  Perl does its own command line
 997  redirection, and couldn't open the pipe into which to send data destined
 998  for stdout.
 999  
1000  =item Can't open perl script%s
1001  
1002  (F) The script you specified can't be opened for the indicated reason.
1003  
1004  If you're debugging a script that uses #!, and normally relies on the
1005  shell's $PATH search, the -S option causes perl to do that search, so
1006  you don't have to type the path or C<`which $scriptname`>.
1007  
1008  =item Can't read CRTL environ
1009  
1010  (S) A warning peculiar to VMS.  Perl tried to read an element of %ENV
1011  from the CRTL's internal environment array and discovered the array was
1012  missing.  You need to figure out where your CRTL misplaced its environ
1013  or define F<PERL_ENV_TABLES> (see L<perlvms>) so that environ is not
1014  searched.
1015  
1016  =item Can't "redo" outside a loop block
1017  
1018  (F) A "redo" statement was executed to restart the current block, but
1019  there isn't a current block.  Note that an "if" or "else" block doesn't
1020  count as a "loopish" block, as doesn't a block given to sort(), map()
1021  or grep().  You can usually double the curlies to get the same effect
1022  though, because the inner curlies will be considered a block that
1023  loops once.  See L<perlfunc/redo>.
1024  
1025  =item Can't remove %s: %s, skipping file
1026  
1027  (S inplace) You requested an inplace edit without creating a backup
1028  file.  Perl was unable to remove the original file to replace it with
1029  the modified file.  The file was left unmodified.
1030  
1031  =item Can't rename %s to %s: %s, skipping file
1032  
1033  (S inplace) The rename done by the B<-i> switch failed for some reason,
1034  probably because you don't have write permission to the directory.
1035  
1036  =item Can't reopen input pipe (name: %s) in binary mode
1037  
1038  (P) An error peculiar to VMS.  Perl thought stdin was a pipe, and tried
1039  to reopen it to accept binary data.  Alas, it failed.
1040  
1041  =item Can't resolve method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s'
1042  
1043  (F|P) Error resolving overloading specified by a method name (as opposed
1044  to a subroutine reference): no such method callable via the package. If
1045  method name is C<???>, this is an internal error.
1046  
1047  =item Can't reswap uid and euid
1048  
1049  (P) The setreuid() call failed for some reason in the setuid emulator of
1050  suidperl.
1051  
1052  =item Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine
1053  
1054  (F) Perl detected an attempt to return illegal lvalues (such as
1055  temporary or readonly values) from a subroutine used as an lvalue.  This
1056  is not allowed.
1057  
1058  =item Can't return outside a subroutine
1059  
1060  (F) The return statement was executed in mainline code, that is, where
1061  there was no subroutine call to return out of.  See L<perlsub>.
1062  
1063  =item Can't return %s to lvalue scalar context
1064  
1065  (F) You tried to return a complete array or hash from an lvalue subroutine,
1066  but you called the subroutine in a way that made Perl think you meant
1067  to return only one value. You probably meant to write parentheses around
1068  the call to the subroutine, which tell Perl that the call should be in
1069  list context.
1070  
1071  =item Can't stat script "%s"
1072  
1073  (P) For some reason you can't fstat() the script even though you have it
1074  open already.  Bizarre.
1075  
1076  =item Can't swap uid and euid
1077  
1078  (P) The setreuid() call failed for some reason in the setuid emulator of
1079  suidperl.
1080  
1081  =item Can't take log of %g
1082  
1083  (F) For ordinary real numbers, you can't take the logarithm of a
1084  negative number or zero. There's a Math::Complex package that comes
1085  standard with Perl, though, if you really want to do that for the
1086  negative numbers.
1087  
1088  =item Can't take sqrt of %g
1089  
1090  (F) For ordinary real numbers, you can't take the square root of a
1091  negative number.  There's a Math::Complex package that comes standard
1092  with Perl, though, if you really want to do that.
1093  
1094  =item Can't undef active subroutine
1095  
1096  (F) You can't undefine a routine that's currently running.  You can,
1097  however, redefine it while it's running, and you can even undef the
1098  redefined subroutine while the old routine is running.  Go figure.
1099  
1100  =item Can't unshift
1101  
1102  (F) You tried to unshift an "unreal" array that can't be unshifted, such
1103  as the main Perl stack.
1104  
1105  =item Can't upgrade %s (%d) to %d
1106  
1107  (P) The internal sv_upgrade routine adds "members" to an SV, making it
1108  into a more specialized kind of SV.  The top several SV types are so
1109  specialized, however, that they cannot be interconverted.  This message
1110  indicates that such a conversion was attempted.
1111  
1112  =item Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup
1113  
1114  (F) The internal routine that does method lookup was handed a symbol
1115  table that doesn't have a name.  Symbol tables can become anonymous
1116  for example by undefining stashes: C<undef %Some::Package::>.
1117  
1118  =item Can't use an undefined value as %s reference
1119  
1120  (F) A value used as either a hard reference or a symbolic reference must
1121  be a defined value.  This helps to delurk some insidious errors.
1122  
1123  =item Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in use
1124  
1125  (F) Only hard references are allowed by "strict refs".  Symbolic
1126  references are disallowed.  See L<perlref>.
1127  
1128  =item Can't use %! because Errno.pm is not available
1129  
1130  (F) The first time the %! hash is used, perl automatically loads the
1131  Errno.pm module. The Errno module is expected to tie the %! hash to
1132  provide symbolic names for C<$!> errno values.
1133  
1134  =item Can't use both '<' and '>' after type '%c' in %s
1135  
1136  (F) A type cannot be forced to have both big-endian and little-endian
1137  byte-order at the same time, so this combination of modifiers is not
1138  allowed.  See L<perlfunc/pack>.
1139  
1140  =item Can't use %s for loop variable
1141  
1142  (F) Only a simple scalar variable may be used as a loop variable on a
1143  foreach.
1144  
1145  =item Can't use global %s in "%s"
1146  
1147  (F) You tried to declare a magical variable as a lexical variable.  This
1148  is not allowed, because the magic can be tied to only one location
1149  (namely the global variable) and it would be incredibly confusing to
1150  have variables in your program that looked like magical variables but
1151  weren't.
1152  
1153  =item Can't use '%c' in a group with different byte-order in %s
1154  
1155  (F) You attempted to force a different byte-order on a type
1156  that is already inside a group with a byte-order modifier.
1157  For example you cannot force little-endianness on a type that
1158  is inside a big-endian group.
1159  
1160  =item Can't use "my %s" in sort comparison
1161  
1162  (F) The global variables $a and $b are reserved for sort comparisons.
1163  You mentioned $a or $b in the same line as the <=> or cmp operator,
1164  and the variable had earlier been declared as a lexical variable.
1165  Either qualify the sort variable with the package name, or rename the
1166  lexical variable.
1167  
1168  =item Can't use %s ref as %s ref
1169  
1170  (F) You've mixed up your reference types.  You have to dereference a
1171  reference of the type needed.  You can use the ref() function to
1172  test the type of the reference, if need be.
1173  
1174  =item Can't use string ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in use
1175  
1176  (F) Only hard references are allowed by "strict refs".  Symbolic
1177  references are disallowed.  See L<perlref>.
1178  
1179  =item Can't use subscript on %s
1180  
1181  (F) The compiler tried to interpret a bracketed expression as a
1182  subscript.  But to the left of the brackets was an expression that
1183  didn't look like a hash or array reference, or anything else subscriptable.
1184  
1185  =item Can't use \%c to mean $%c in expression
1186  
1187  (W syntax) In an ordinary expression, backslash is a unary operator that
1188  creates a reference to its argument.  The use of backslash to indicate a
1189  backreference to a matched substring is valid only as part of a regular
1190  expression pattern.  Trying to do this in ordinary Perl code produces a
1191  value that prints out looking like SCALAR(0xdecaf).  Use the $1 form
1192  instead.
1193  
1194  =item Can't use "when" outside a topicalizer
1195  
1196  (F) You have used a when() block that is neither inside a C<foreach>
1197  loop nor a C<given> block. (Note that this error is issued on exit
1198  from the C<when> block, so you won't get the error if the match fails,
1199  or if you use an explicit C<continue>.)
1200  
1201  =item Can't weaken a nonreference
1202  
1203  (F) You attempted to weaken something that was not a reference.  Only
1204  references can be weakened.
1205  
1206  =item Can't x= to read-only value
1207  
1208  (F) You tried to repeat a constant value (often the undefined value)
1209  with an assignment operator, which implies modifying the value itself.
1210  Perhaps you need to copy the value to a temporary, and repeat that.
1211  
1212  =item Character in 'C' format wrapped in pack
1213  
1214  (W pack) You said
1215  
1216      pack("C", $x)
1217  
1218  where $x is either less than 0 or more than 255; the C<"C"> format is
1219  only for encoding native operating system characters (ASCII, EBCDIC,
1220  and so on) and not for Unicode characters, so Perl behaved as if you meant
1221  
1222      pack("C", $x & 255)
1223  
1224  If you actually want to pack Unicode codepoints, use the C<"U"> format
1225  instead.
1226  
1227  =item Character in 'W' format wrapped in pack
1228  
1229  (W pack) You said
1230  
1231      pack("U0W", $x)
1232  
1233  where $x is either less than 0 or more than 255. However, C<U0>-mode expects
1234  all values to fall in the interval [0, 255], so Perl behaved as if you
1235  meant:
1236  
1237      pack("U0W", $x & 255)
1238  
1239  =item Character in 'c' format wrapped in pack
1240  
1241  (W pack) You said
1242  
1243      pack("c", $x)
1244  
1245  where $x is either less than -128 or more than 127; the C<"c"> format
1246  is only for encoding native operating system characters (ASCII, EBCDIC,
1247  and so on) and not for Unicode characters, so Perl behaved as if you meant
1248  
1249      pack("c", $x & 255);
1250  
1251  If you actually want to pack Unicode codepoints, use the C<"U"> format
1252  instead.
1253  
1254  =item Character in '%c' format wrapped in unpack
1255  
1256  (W unpack) You tried something like
1257  
1258     unpack("H", "\x{2a1}")
1259  
1260  where the format expects to process a byte (a character with a value
1261  below 256), but a higher value was provided instead. Perl uses the value
1262  modulus 256 instead, as if you had provided:
1263  
1264     unpack("H", "\x{a1}")
1265  
1266  =item Character(s) in '%c' format wrapped in pack
1267  
1268  (W pack) You tried something like
1269  
1270     pack("u", "\x{1f3}b")
1271  
1272  where the format expects to process a sequence of bytes (character with a
1273  value below 256), but some of the characters had a higher value. Perl
1274  uses the character values modulus 256 instead, as if you had provided:
1275  
1276     pack("u", "\x{f3}b")
1277  
1278  =item Character(s) in '%c' format wrapped in unpack
1279  
1280  (W unpack) You tried something like
1281  
1282     unpack("s", "\x{1f3}b")
1283  
1284  where the format expects to process a sequence of bytes (character with a
1285  value below 256), but some of the characters had a higher value. Perl
1286  uses the character values modulus 256 instead, as if you had provided:
1287  
1288     unpack("s", "\x{f3}b")
1289  
1290  =item close() on unopened filehandle %s
1291  
1292  (W unopened) You tried to close a filehandle that was never opened.
1293  
1294  =item closedir() attempted on invalid dirhandle %s
1295  
1296  (W io) The dirhandle you tried to close is either closed or not really
1297  a dirhandle.  Check your control flow.
1298  
1299  =item Code missing after '/'
1300  
1301  (F) You had a (sub-)template that ends with a '/'. There must be another
1302  template code following the slash. See L<perlfunc/pack>.
1303  
1304  =item %s: Command not found
1305  
1306  (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead of Perl.
1307  Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into Perl yourself.
1308  
1309  =item Compilation failed in require
1310  
1311  (F) Perl could not compile a file specified in a C<require> statement.
1312  Perl uses this generic message when none of the errors that it
1313  encountered were severe enough to halt compilation immediately.
1314  
1315  =item Complex regular subexpression recursion limit (%d) exceeded
1316  
1317  (W regexp) The regular expression engine uses recursion in complex
1318  situations where back-tracking is required.  Recursion depth is limited
1319  to 32766, or perhaps less in architectures where the stack cannot grow
1320  arbitrarily.  ("Simple" and "medium" situations are handled without
1321  recursion and are not subject to a limit.)  Try shortening the string
1322  under examination; looping in Perl code (e.g. with C<while>) rather than
1323  in the regular expression engine; or rewriting the regular expression so
1324  that it is simpler or backtracks less.  (See L<perlfaq2> for information
1325  on I<Mastering Regular Expressions>.)
1326  
1327  =item cond_broadcast() called on unlocked variable
1328  
1329  (W threads) Within a thread-enabled program, you tried to call
1330  cond_broadcast() on a variable which wasn't locked. The cond_broadcast()
1331  function  is used to wake up another thread that is waiting in a
1332  cond_wait(). To ensure that the signal isn't sent before the other thread
1333  has a chance to enter the wait, it is usual for the signaling thread to
1334  first wait for a lock on variable. This lock attempt will only succeed
1335  after the other thread has entered cond_wait() and thus relinquished the
1336  lock.
1337  
1338  =item cond_signal() called on unlocked variable
1339  
1340  (W threads) Within a thread-enabled program, you tried to call
1341  cond_signal() on a variable which wasn't locked. The cond_signal()
1342  function  is used to wake up another thread that is waiting in a
1343  cond_wait(). To ensure that the signal isn't sent before the other thread
1344  has a chance to enter the wait, it is usual for the signaling thread to
1345  first wait for a lock on variable. This lock attempt will only succeed
1346  after the other thread has entered cond_wait() and thus relinquished the
1347  lock.
1348  
1349  =item connect() on closed socket %s
1350  
1351  (W closed) You tried to do a connect on a closed socket.  Did you forget
1352  to check the return value of your socket() call?  See
1353  L<perlfunc/connect>.
1354  
1355  =item Constant(%s)%s: %s
1356  
1357  (F) The parser found inconsistencies either while attempting to define
1358  an overloaded constant, or when trying to find the character name
1359  specified in the C<\N{...}> escape.  Perhaps you forgot to load the
1360  corresponding C<overload> or C<charnames> pragma?  See L<charnames> and
1361  L<overload>.
1362  
1363  =item Constant(%s)%s: %s in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
1364  
1365  (F) The parser found inconsistencies while attempting to find
1366  the character name specified in the C<\N{...}> escape.  Perhaps you
1367  forgot to load the corresponding C<charnames> pragma?
1368  See L<charnames>.
1369  
1370  
1371  =item Constant is not %s reference
1372  
1373  (F) A constant value (perhaps declared using the C<use constant> pragma)
1374  is being dereferenced, but it amounts to the wrong type of reference.
1375  The message indicates the type of reference that was expected. This
1376  usually indicates a syntax error in dereferencing the constant value.
1377  See L<perlsub/"Constant Functions"> and L<constant>.
1378  
1379  =item Constant subroutine %s redefined
1380  
1381  (S) You redefined a subroutine which had previously been
1382  eligible for inlining.  See L<perlsub/"Constant Functions"> for
1383  commentary and workarounds.
1384  
1385  =item Constant subroutine %s undefined
1386  
1387  (W misc) You undefined a subroutine which had previously been eligible
1388  for inlining.  See L<perlsub/"Constant Functions"> for commentary and
1389  workarounds.
1390  
1391  =item Copy method did not return a reference
1392  
1393  (F) The method which overloads "=" is buggy. See
1394  L<overload/Copy Constructor>.
1395  
1396  =item CORE::%s is not a keyword
1397  
1398  (F) The CORE:: namespace is reserved for Perl keywords.
1399  
1400  =item corrupted regexp pointers
1401  
1402  (P) The regular expression engine got confused by what the regular
1403  expression compiler gave it.
1404  
1405  =item corrupted regexp program
1406  
1407  (P) The regular expression engine got passed a regexp program without a
1408  valid magic number.
1409  
1410  =item Corrupt malloc ptr 0x%lx at 0x%lx
1411  
1412  (P) The malloc package that comes with Perl had an internal failure.
1413  
1414  =item Count after length/code in unpack
1415  
1416  (F) You had an unpack template indicating a counted-length string, but
1417  you have also specified an explicit size for the string.  See
1418  L<perlfunc/pack>.
1419  
1420  =item Deep recursion on subroutine "%s"
1421  
1422  (W recursion) This subroutine has called itself (directly or indirectly)
1423  100 times more than it has returned.  This probably indicates an
1424  infinite recursion, unless you're writing strange benchmark programs, in
1425  which case it indicates something else.
1426  
1427  =item defined(@array) is deprecated
1428  
1429  (D deprecated) defined() is not usually useful on arrays because it
1430  checks for an undefined I<scalar> value.  If you want to see if the
1431  array is empty, just use C<if (@array) { # not empty }> for example.
1432  
1433  =item defined(%hash) is deprecated
1434  
1435  (D deprecated) defined() is not usually useful on hashes because it
1436  checks for an undefined I<scalar> value.  If you want to see if the hash
1437  is empty, just use C<if (%hash) { # not empty }> for example.
1438  
1439  =item %s defines neither package nor VERSION--version check failed
1440  
1441  (F) You said something like "use Module 42" but in the Module file
1442  there are neither package declarations nor a C<$VERSION>.
1443  
1444  =item Delimiter for here document is too long
1445  
1446  (F) In a here document construct like C<<<FOO>, the label C<FOO> is too
1447  long for Perl to handle.  You have to be seriously twisted to write code
1448  that triggers this error.
1449  
1450  =item Deprecated use of my() in false conditional
1451  
1452  (D deprecated) You used a declaration similar to C<my $x if 0>.
1453  There has been a long-standing bug in Perl that causes a lexical variable
1454  not to be cleared at scope exit when its declaration includes a false
1455  conditional. Some people have exploited this bug to achieve a kind of
1456  static variable. Since we intend to fix this bug, we don't want people
1457  relying on this behavior. You can achieve a similar static effect by
1458  declaring the variable in a separate block outside the function, eg
1459  
1460      sub f { my $x if 0; return $x++ }
1461  
1462  becomes
1463  
1464      { my $x; sub f { return $x++ } }
1465  
1466  Beginning with perl 5.9.4, you can also use C<state> variables to
1467  have lexicals that are initialized only once (see L<feature>):
1468  
1469      sub f { state $x; return $x++ }
1470  
1471  =item DESTROY created new reference to dead object '%s'
1472  
1473  (F) A DESTROY() method created a new reference to the object which is
1474  just being DESTROYed. Perl is confused, and prefers to abort rather than
1475  to create a dangling reference.
1476  
1477  =item Did not produce a valid header
1478  
1479  See Server error.
1480  
1481  =item %s did not return a true value
1482  
1483  (F) A required (or used) file must return a true value to indicate that
1484  it compiled correctly and ran its initialization code correctly.  It's
1485  traditional to end such a file with a "1;", though any true value would
1486  do.  See L<perlfunc/require>.
1487  
1488  =item (Did you mean &%s instead?)
1489  
1490  (W) You probably referred to an imported subroutine &FOO as $FOO or some
1491  such.
1492  
1493  =item (Did you mean "local" instead of "our"?)
1494  
1495  (W misc) Remember that "our" does not localize the declared global
1496  variable.  You have declared it again in the same lexical scope, which
1497  seems superfluous.
1498  
1499  =item (Did you mean $ or @ instead of %?)
1500  
1501  (W) You probably said %hash{$key} when you meant $hash{$key} or
1502  @hash{@keys}.  On the other hand, maybe you just meant %hash and got
1503  carried away.
1504  
1505  =item Died
1506  
1507  (F) You passed die() an empty string (the equivalent of C<die "">) or
1508  you called it with no args and both C<$@> and C<$_> were empty.
1509  
1510  =item Document contains no data
1511  
1512  See Server error.
1513  
1514  =item %s does not define %s::VERSION--version check failed
1515  
1516  (F) You said something like "use Module 42" but the Module did not
1517  define a C<$VERSION.>
1518  
1519  =item '/' does not take a repeat count
1520  
1521  (F) You cannot put a repeat count of any kind right after the '/' code.
1522  See L<perlfunc/pack>.
1523  
1524  =item Don't know how to handle magic of type '%s'
1525  
1526  (P) The internal handling of magical variables has been cursed.
1527  
1528  =item do_study: out of memory
1529  
1530  (P) This should have been caught by safemalloc() instead.
1531  
1532  =item (Do you need to predeclare %s?)
1533  
1534  (S syntax) This is an educated guess made in conjunction with the message
1535  "%s found where operator expected".  It often means a subroutine or module
1536  name is being referenced that hasn't been declared yet.  This may be
1537  because of ordering problems in your file, or because of a missing
1538  "sub", "package", "require", or "use" statement.  If you're referencing
1539  something that isn't defined yet, you don't actually have to define the
1540  subroutine or package before the current location.  You can use an empty
1541  "sub foo;" or "package FOO;" to enter a "forward" declaration.
1542  
1543  =item dump() better written as CORE::dump()
1544  
1545  (W misc) You used the obsolescent C<dump()> built-in function, without fully
1546  qualifying it as C<CORE::dump()>.  Maybe it's a typo.  See L<perlfunc/dump>.
1547  
1548  =item dump is not supported
1549  
1550  (F) Your machine doesn't support dump/undump.
1551  
1552  =item Duplicate free() ignored
1553  
1554  (S malloc) An internal routine called free() on something that had
1555  already been freed.
1556  
1557  =item Duplicate modifier '%c' after '%c' in %s
1558  
1559  (W) You have applied the same modifier more than once after a type
1560  in a pack template.  See L<perlfunc/pack>.
1561  
1562  =item elseif should be elsif
1563  
1564  (S syntax) There is no keyword "elseif" in Perl because Larry thinks it's
1565  ugly. Your code will be interpreted as an attempt to call a method named
1566  "elseif" for the class returned by the following block.  This is
1567  unlikely to be what you want.
1568  
1569  =item Empty %s
1570  
1571  (F) C<\p> and C<\P> are used to introduce a named Unicode property, as
1572  described in L<perlunicode> and L<perlre>. You used C<\p> or C<\P> in
1573  a regular expression without specifying the property name.
1574  
1575  =item entering effective %s failed
1576  
1577  (F) While under the C<use filetest> pragma, switching the real and
1578  effective uids or gids failed.
1579  
1580  =item %ENV is aliased to %s
1581  
1582  (F) You're running under taint mode, and the C<%ENV> variable has been
1583  aliased to another hash, so it doesn't reflect anymore the state of the
1584  program's environment. This is potentially insecure.
1585  
1586  =item Error converting file specification %s
1587  
1588  (F) An error peculiar to VMS.  Because Perl may have to deal with file
1589  specifications in either VMS or Unix syntax, it converts them to a
1590  single form when it must operate on them directly.  Either you've passed
1591  an invalid file specification to Perl, or you've found a case the
1592  conversion routines don't handle.  Drat.
1593  
1594  =item %s: Eval-group in insecure regular expression
1595  
1596  (F) Perl detected tainted data when trying to compile a regular
1597  expression that contains the C<(?{ ... })> zero-width assertion, which
1598  is unsafe.  See L<perlre/(?{ code })>, and L<perlsec>.
1599  
1600  =item %s: Eval-group not allowed at run time
1601  
1602  (F) Perl tried to compile a regular expression containing the
1603  C<(?{ ... })> zero-width assertion at run time, as it would when the
1604  pattern contains interpolated values.  Since that is a security risk, it
1605  is not allowed.  If you insist, you may still do this by explicitly
1606  building the pattern from an interpolated string at run time and using
1607  that in an eval().  See L<perlre/(?{ code })>.
1608  
1609  =item %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval'
1610  
1611  (F) A regular expression contained the C<(?{ ... })> zero-width
1612  assertion, but that construct is only allowed when the C<use re 'eval'>
1613  pragma is in effect.  See L<perlre/(?{ code })>.
1614  
1615  =item EVAL without pos change exceeded limit in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
1616  
1617  (F) You used a pattern that nested too many EVAL calls without consuming
1618  any text. Restructure the pattern so that text is consumed.
1619  
1620  The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was
1621  discovered.
1622  
1623  =item Excessively long <> operator
1624  
1625  (F) The contents of a <> operator may not exceed the maximum size of a
1626  Perl identifier.  If you're just trying to glob a long list of
1627  filenames, try using the glob() operator, or put the filenames into a
1628  variable and glob that.
1629  
1630  =item exec? I'm not *that* kind of operating system
1631  
1632  (F) The C<exec> function is not implemented in MacPerl. See L<perlport>.
1633  
1634  =item Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors
1635  
1636  (F) The final summary message when a Perl compilation fails.
1637  
1638  =item Exiting eval via %s
1639  
1640  (W exiting) You are exiting an eval by unconventional means, such as a
1641  goto, or a loop control statement.
1642  
1643  =item Exiting format via %s
1644  
1645  (W exiting) You are exiting a format by unconventional means, such as a
1646  goto, or a loop control statement.
1647  
1648  =item Exiting pseudo-block via %s
1649  
1650  (W exiting) You are exiting a rather special block construct (like a
1651  sort block or subroutine) by unconventional means, such as a goto, or a
1652  loop control statement.  See L<perlfunc/sort>.
1653  
1654  =item Exiting subroutine via %s
1655  
1656  (W exiting) You are exiting a subroutine by unconventional means, such
1657  as a goto, or a loop control statement.
1658  
1659  =item Exiting substitution via %s
1660  
1661  (W exiting) You are exiting a substitution by unconventional means, such
1662  as a return, a goto, or a loop control statement.
1663  
1664  =item Explicit blessing to '' (assuming package main)
1665  
1666  (W misc) You are blessing a reference to a zero length string.  This has
1667  the effect of blessing the reference into the package main.  This is
1668  usually not what you want.  Consider providing a default target package,
1669  e.g. bless($ref, $p || 'MyPackage');
1670  
1671  =item %s: Expression syntax
1672  
1673  (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead of Perl.
1674  Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into Perl yourself.
1675  
1676  =item %s failed--call queue aborted
1677  
1678  (F) An untrapped exception was raised while executing a UNITCHECK,
1679  CHECK, INIT, or END subroutine.  Processing of the remainder of the
1680  queue of such routines has been prematurely ended.
1681  
1682  =item False [] range "%s" in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
1683  
1684  (W regexp) A character class range must start and end at a literal
1685  character, not another character class like C<\d> or C<[:alpha:]>.  The "-"
1686  in your false range is interpreted as a literal "-".  Consider quoting the
1687  "-", "\-".  The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the
1688  problem was discovered.  See L<perlre>.
1689  
1690  =item Fatal VMS error at %s, line %d
1691  
1692  (P) An error peculiar to VMS.  Something untoward happened in a VMS
1693  system service or RTL routine; Perl's exit status should provide more
1694  details.  The filename in "at %s" and the line number in "line %d" tell
1695  you which section of the Perl source code is distressed.
1696  
1697  =item fcntl is not implemented
1698  
1699  (F) Your machine apparently doesn't implement fcntl().  What is this, a
1700  PDP-11 or something?
1701  
1702  =item FETCHSIZE returned a negative value
1703  
1704  (F) A tied array claimed to have a negative number of elements, which
1705  is not possible.
1706  
1707  =item Field too wide in 'u' format in pack
1708  
1709  (W pack) Each line in an uuencoded string start with a length indicator
1710  which can't encode values above 63. So there is no point in asking for
1711  a line length bigger than that. Perl will behave as if you specified
1712  C<u63> as format.
1713  
1714  =item Filehandle %s opened only for input
1715  
1716  (W io) You tried to write on a read-only filehandle.  If you intended
1717  it to be a read-write filehandle, you needed to open it with "+<" or
1718  "+>" or "+>>" instead of with "<" or nothing.  If you intended only to
1719  write the file, use ">" or ">>".  See L<perlfunc/open>.
1720  
1721  =item Filehandle %s opened only for output
1722  
1723  (W io) You tried to read from a filehandle opened only for writing, If
1724  you intended it to be a read/write filehandle, you needed to open it
1725  with "+<" or "+>" or "+>>" instead of with "<" or nothing.  If you
1726  intended only to read from the file, use "<".  See L<perlfunc/open>.
1727  Another possibility is that you attempted to open filedescriptor 0
1728  (also known as STDIN) for output (maybe you closed STDIN earlier?).
1729  
1730  =item Filehandle %s reopened as %s only for input
1731  
1732  (W io) You opened for reading a filehandle that got the same filehandle id
1733  as STDOUT or STDERR. This occurred because you closed STDOUT or STDERR
1734  previously.
1735  
1736  =item Filehandle STDIN reopened as %s only for output
1737  
1738  (W io) You opened for writing a filehandle that got the same filehandle id
1739  as STDIN. This occurred because you closed STDIN previously.
1740  
1741  =item Final $ should be \$ or $name
1742  
1743  (F) You must now decide whether the final $ in a string was meant to be
1744  a literal dollar sign, or was meant to introduce a variable name that
1745  happens to be missing.  So you have to put either the backslash or the
1746  name.
1747  
1748  =item flock() on closed filehandle %s
1749  
1750  (W closed) The filehandle you're attempting to flock() got itself closed
1751  some time before now.  Check your control flow.  flock() operates on
1752  filehandles.  Are you attempting to call flock() on a dirhandle by the
1753  same name?
1754  
1755  =item Format not terminated
1756  
1757  (F) A format must be terminated by a line with a solitary dot.  Perl got
1758  to the end of your file without finding such a line.
1759  
1760  =item Format %s redefined
1761  
1762  (W redefine) You redefined a format.  To suppress this warning, say
1763  
1764      {
1765      no warnings 'redefine';
1766      eval "format NAME =...";
1767      }
1768  
1769  =item Found = in conditional, should be ==
1770  
1771  (W syntax) You said
1772  
1773      if ($foo = 123)
1774  
1775  when you meant
1776  
1777      if ($foo == 123)
1778  
1779  (or something like that).
1780  
1781  =item %s found where operator expected
1782  
1783  (S syntax) The Perl lexer knows whether to expect a term or an operator.
1784  If it sees what it knows to be a term when it was expecting to see an
1785  operator, it gives you this warning.  Usually it indicates that an
1786  operator or delimiter was omitted, such as a semicolon.
1787  
1788  =item gdbm store returned %d, errno %d, key "%s"
1789  
1790  (S) A warning from the GDBM_File extension that a store failed.
1791  
1792  =item gethostent not implemented
1793  
1794  (F) Your C library apparently doesn't implement gethostent(), probably
1795  because if it did, it'd feel morally obligated to return every hostname
1796  on the Internet.
1797  
1798  =item get%sname() on closed socket %s
1799  
1800  (W closed) You tried to get a socket or peer socket name on a closed
1801  socket.  Did you forget to check the return value of your socket() call?
1802  
1803  =item getpwnam returned invalid UIC %#o for user "%s"
1804  
1805  (S) A warning peculiar to VMS.  The call to C<sys$getuai> underlying the
1806  C<getpwnam> operator returned an invalid UIC.
1807  
1808  =item getsockopt() on closed socket %s
1809  
1810  (W closed) You tried to get a socket option on a closed socket.  Did you
1811  forget to check the return value of your socket() call?  See
1812  L<perlfunc/getsockopt>.
1813  
1814  =item Global symbol "%s" requires explicit package name
1815  
1816  (F) You've said "use strict" or "use strict vars", which indicates 
1817  that all variables must either be lexically scoped (using "my" or "state"), 
1818  declared beforehand using "our", or explicitly qualified to say 
1819  which package the global variable is in (using "::").
1820  
1821  =item glob failed (%s)
1822  
1823  (W glob) Something went wrong with the external program(s) used for
1824  C<glob> and C<< <*.c> >>.  Usually, this means that you supplied a
1825  C<glob> pattern that caused the external program to fail and exit with a
1826  nonzero status.  If the message indicates that the abnormal exit
1827  resulted in a coredump, this may also mean that your csh (C shell) is
1828  broken.  If so, you should change all of the csh-related variables in
1829  config.sh:  If you have tcsh, make the variables refer to it as if it
1830  were csh (e.g.  C<full_csh='/usr/bin/tcsh'>); otherwise, make them all
1831  empty (except that C<d_csh> should be C<'undef'>) so that Perl will
1832  think csh is missing.  In either case, after editing config.sh, run
1833  C<./Configure -S> and rebuild Perl.
1834  
1835  =item Glob not terminated
1836  
1837  (F) The lexer saw a left angle bracket in a place where it was expecting
1838  a term, so it's looking for the corresponding right angle bracket, and
1839  not finding it.  Chances are you left some needed parentheses out
1840  earlier in the line, and you really meant a "less than".
1841  
1842  =item Got an error from DosAllocMem
1843  
1844  (P) An error peculiar to OS/2.  Most probably you're using an obsolete
1845  version of Perl, and this should not happen anyway.
1846  
1847  =item goto must have label
1848  
1849  (F) Unlike with "next" or "last", you're not allowed to goto an
1850  unspecified destination.  See L<perlfunc/goto>.
1851  
1852  =item ()-group starts with a count
1853  
1854  (F) A ()-group started with a count.  A count is
1855  supposed to follow something: a template character or a ()-group.
1856   See L<perlfunc/pack>.
1857  
1858  =item %s had compilation errors
1859  
1860  (F) The final summary message when a C<perl -c> fails.
1861  
1862  =item Had to create %s unexpectedly
1863  
1864  (S internal) A routine asked for a symbol from a symbol table that ought
1865  to have existed already, but for some reason it didn't, and had to be
1866  created on an emergency basis to prevent a core dump.
1867  
1868  =item Hash %%s missing the % in argument %d of %s()
1869  
1870  (D deprecated) Really old Perl let you omit the % on hash names in some
1871  spots.  This is now heavily deprecated.
1872  
1873  =item %s has too many errors
1874  
1875  (F) The parser has given up trying to parse the program after 10 errors.
1876  Further error messages would likely be uninformative.
1877  
1878  =item Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable
1879  
1880  (W portable) The hexadecimal number you specified is larger than 2**32-1
1881  (4294967295) and therefore non-portable between systems.  See
1882  L<perlport> for more on portability concerns.
1883  
1884  =item Identifier too long
1885  
1886  (F) Perl limits identifiers (names for variables, functions, etc.) to
1887  about 250 characters for simple names, and somewhat more for compound
1888  names (like C<$A::B>).  You've exceeded Perl's limits.  Future versions
1889  of Perl are likely to eliminate these arbitrary limitations.
1890  
1891  =item Ignoring %s in character class in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
1892  
1893  (W) Named Unicode character escapes (\N{...}) may return multi-char
1894  or zero length sequences. When such an escape is used in a character class
1895  its behaviour is not well defined. Check that the correct escape has
1896  been used, and the correct charname handler is in scope.
1897  
1898  =item Illegal binary digit %s
1899  
1900  (F) You used a digit other than 0 or 1 in a binary number.
1901  
1902  =item Illegal binary digit %s ignored
1903  
1904  (W digit) You may have tried to use a digit other than 0 or 1 in a
1905  binary number.  Interpretation of the binary number stopped before the
1906  offending digit.
1907  
1908  =item Illegal character %s (carriage return)
1909  
1910  (F) Perl normally treats carriage returns in the program text as it
1911  would any other whitespace, which means you should never see this error
1912  when Perl was built using standard options.  For some reason, your
1913  version of Perl appears to have been built without this support.  Talk
1914  to your Perl administrator.
1915  
1916  =item Illegal character in prototype for %s : %s
1917  
1918  (W syntax) An illegal character was found in a prototype declaration.  Legal
1919  characters in prototypes are $, @, %, *, ;, [, ], &, and \.
1920  
1921  =item Illegal declaration of anonymous subroutine
1922  
1923  (F) When using the C<sub> keyword to construct an anonymous subroutine,
1924  you must always specify a block of code. See L<perlsub>.
1925  
1926  =item Illegal declaration of subroutine %s
1927  
1928  (F) A subroutine was not declared correctly. See L<perlsub>.
1929  
1930  =item Illegal division by zero
1931  
1932  (F) You tried to divide a number by 0.  Either something was wrong in
1933  your logic, or you need to put a conditional in to guard against
1934  meaningless input.
1935  
1936  =item Illegal hexadecimal digit %s ignored
1937  
1938  (W digit) You may have tried to use a character other than 0 - 9 or
1939  A - F, a - f in a hexadecimal number.  Interpretation of the hexadecimal
1940  number stopped before the illegal character.
1941  
1942  =item Illegal modulus zero
1943  
1944  (F) You tried to divide a number by 0 to get the remainder.  Most
1945  numbers don't take to this kindly.
1946  
1947  =item Illegal number of bits in vec
1948  
1949  (F) The number of bits in vec() (the third argument) must be a power of
1950  two from 1 to 32 (or 64, if your platform supports that).
1951  
1952  =item Illegal octal digit %s
1953  
1954  (F) You used an 8 or 9 in an octal number.
1955  
1956  =item Illegal octal digit %s ignored
1957  
1958  (W digit) You may have tried to use an 8 or 9 in an octal number.
1959  Interpretation of the octal number stopped before the 8 or 9.
1960  
1961  =item Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: %s
1962  
1963  (X) The PERL5OPT environment variable may only be used to set the
1964  following switches: B<-[CDIMUdmtw]>.
1965  
1966  =item Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s"
1967  
1968  (W internal) A warning peculiar to VMS.  Perl tried to read the CRTL's
1969  internal environ array, and encountered an element without the C<=>
1970  delimiter used to separate keys from values.  The element is ignored.
1971  
1972  =item Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter: |%s|
1973  
1974  (W internal) A warning peculiar to VMS.  Perl tried to read a logical
1975  name or CLI symbol definition when preparing to iterate over %ENV, and
1976  didn't see the expected delimiter between key and value, so the line was
1977  ignored.
1978  
1979  =item (in cleanup) %s
1980  
1981  (W misc) This prefix usually indicates that a DESTROY() method raised
1982  the indicated exception.  Since destructors are usually called by the
1983  system at arbitrary points during execution, and often a vast number of
1984  times, the warning is issued only once for any number of failures that
1985  would otherwise result in the same message being repeated.
1986  
1987  Failure of user callbacks dispatched using the C<G_KEEPERR> flag could
1988  also result in this warning.  See L<perlcall/G_KEEPERR>.
1989  
1990  =item Inconsistent hierarchy during C3 merge of class '%s': merging failed on parent '%s'
1991  
1992  (F) The method resolution order (MRO) of the given class is not
1993  C3-consistent, and you have enabled the C3 MRO for this class.  See the C3
1994  documentation in L<mro> for more information.
1995  
1996  =item In EBCDIC the v-string components cannot exceed 2147483647
1997  
1998  (F) An error peculiar to EBCDIC.  Internally, v-strings are stored as
1999  Unicode code points, and encoded in EBCDIC as UTF-EBCDIC.  The UTF-EBCDIC
2000  encoding is limited to code points no larger than 2147483647 (0x7FFFFFFF).
2001  
2002  =item Infinite recursion in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
2003  
2004  (F) You used a pattern that references itself without consuming any input
2005  text. You should check the pattern to ensure that recursive patterns
2006  either consume text or fail.
2007  
2008  The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was
2009  discovered.
2010  
2011  =item Initialization of state variables in list context currently forbidden
2012  
2013  (F) Currently the implementation of "state" only permits the initialization
2014  of scalar variables in scalar context. Re-write C<state ($a) = 42> as
2015  C<state $a = 42> to change from list to scalar context. Constructions such
2016  as C<state (@a) = foo()> will be supported in a future perl release.
2017  
2018  =item Insecure dependency in %s
2019  
2020  (F) You tried to do something that the tainting mechanism didn't like.
2021  The tainting mechanism is turned on when you're running setuid or
2022  setgid, or when you specify B<-T> to turn it on explicitly.  The
2023  tainting mechanism labels all data that's derived directly or indirectly
2024  from the user, who is considered to be unworthy of your trust.  If any
2025  such data is used in a "dangerous" operation, you get this error.  See
2026  L<perlsec> for more information.
2027  
2028  =item Insecure directory in %s
2029  
2030  (F) You can't use system(), exec(), or a piped open in a setuid or
2031  setgid script if C<$ENV{PATH}> contains a directory that is writable by
2032  the world.  Also, the PATH must not contain any relative directory.
2033  See L<perlsec>.
2034  
2035  =item Insecure $ENV{%s} while running %s
2036  
2037  (F) You can't use system(), exec(), or a piped open in a setuid or
2038  setgid script if any of C<$ENV{PATH}>, C<$ENV{IFS}>, C<$ENV{CDPATH}>,
2039  C<$ENV{ENV}>, C<$ENV{BASH_ENV}> or C<$ENV{TERM}> are derived from data
2040  supplied (or potentially supplied) by the user.  The script must set
2041  the path to a known value, using trustworthy data.  See L<perlsec>.
2042  
2043  =item Integer overflow in %s number
2044  
2045  (W overflow) The hexadecimal, octal or binary number you have specified
2046  either as a literal or as an argument to hex() or oct() is too big for
2047  your architecture, and has been converted to a floating point number.
2048  On a 32-bit architecture the largest hexadecimal, octal or binary number
2049  representable without overflow is 0xFFFFFFFF, 037777777777, or
2050  0b11111111111111111111111111111111 respectively.  Note that Perl
2051  transparently promotes all numbers to a floating point representation
2052  internally--subject to loss of precision errors in subsequent
2053  operations.
2054  
2055  =item Integer overflow in format string for %s
2056  
2057  (F) The indexes and widths specified in the format string of C<printf()>
2058  or C<sprintf()> are too large.  The numbers must not overflow the size of
2059  integers for your architecture.
2060  
2061  =item Integer overflow in version
2062  
2063  (F) Some portion of a version initialization is too large for the
2064  size of integers for your architecture.  This is not a warning
2065  because there is no rational reason for a version to try and use a
2066  element larger than typically 2**32.  This is usually caused by
2067  trying to use some odd mathematical operation as a version, like
2068  100/9.
2069  
2070  =item Internal disaster in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
2071  
2072  (P) Something went badly wrong in the regular expression parser.
2073  The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was
2074  discovered.
2075  
2076  =item Internal inconsistency in tracking vforks
2077  
2078  (S) A warning peculiar to VMS.  Perl keeps track of the number of times
2079  you've called C<fork> and C<exec>, to determine whether the current call
2080  to C<exec> should affect the current script or a subprocess (see
2081  L<perlvms/"exec LIST">).  Somehow, this count has become scrambled, so
2082  Perl is making a guess and treating this C<exec> as a request to
2083  terminate the Perl script and execute the specified command.
2084  
2085  =item Internal urp in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
2086  
2087  (P) Something went badly awry in the regular expression parser. The
2088  <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was
2089  discovered.
2090  
2091  =item %s (...) interpreted as function
2092  
2093  (W syntax) You've run afoul of the rule that says that any list operator
2094  followed by parentheses turns into a function, with all the list
2095  operators arguments found inside the parentheses.  See
2096  L<perlop/Terms and List Operators (Leftward)>.
2097  
2098  =item Invalid %s attribute: %s
2099  
2100  The indicated attribute for a subroutine or variable was not recognized
2101  by Perl or by a user-supplied handler.  See L<attributes>.
2102  
2103  =item Invalid %s attributes: %s
2104  
2105  The indicated attributes for a subroutine or variable were not
2106  recognized by Perl or by a user-supplied handler.  See L<attributes>.
2107  
2108  =item Invalid conversion in %s: "%s"
2109  
2110  (W printf) Perl does not understand the given format conversion.  See
2111  L<perlfunc/sprintf>.
2112  
2113  =item Invalid escape in the specified encoding in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
2114  
2115  (W regexp) The numeric escape (for example C<\xHH>) of value < 256
2116  didn't correspond to a single character through the conversion
2117  from the encoding specified by the encoding pragma.
2118  The escape was replaced with REPLACEMENT CHARACTER (U+FFFD) instead.
2119  The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the
2120  escape was discovered.
2121  
2122  =item Invalid mro name: '%s'
2123  
2124  (F) You tried to C<mro::set_mro("classname", "foo")>
2125  or C<use mro 'foo'>, where C<foo> is not a valid method resolution order (MRO).
2126  (Currently, the only valid ones are C<dfs> and C<c3>). See L<mro>.
2127  
2128  =item Invalid [] range "%s" in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
2129  
2130  (F) The range specified in a character class had a minimum character
2131  greater than the maximum character.  One possibility is that you forgot the
2132  C<{}> from your ending C<\x{}> - C<\x> without the curly braces can go only
2133  up to C<ff>.  The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the
2134  problem was discovered.  See L<perlre>.
2135  
2136  =item Invalid range "%s" in transliteration operator
2137  
2138  (F) The range specified in the tr/// or y/// operator had a minimum
2139  character greater than the maximum character.  See L<perlop>.
2140  
2141  =item Invalid separator character %s in attribute list
2142  
2143  (F) Something other than a colon or whitespace was seen between the
2144  elements of an attribute list.  If the previous attribute had a
2145  parenthesised parameter list, perhaps that list was terminated too soon.
2146  See L<attributes>.
2147  
2148  =item Invalid separator character %s in PerlIO layer specification %s
2149  
2150  (W layer) When pushing layers onto the Perl I/O system, something other than a
2151  colon or whitespace was seen between the elements of a layer list.
2152  If the previous attribute had a parenthesised parameter list, perhaps that
2153  list was terminated too soon.
2154  
2155  =item Invalid type '%s' in %s
2156  
2157  (F) The given character is not a valid pack or unpack type.
2158  See L<perlfunc/pack>.
2159  (W) The given character is not a valid pack or unpack type but used to be
2160  silently ignored.
2161  
2162  =item Invalid version format (multiple underscores)
2163  
2164  (F) Versions may contain at most a single underscore, which signals
2165  that the version is a beta release.  See L<version> for the allowed
2166  version formats.
2167  
2168  =item Invalid version format (underscores before decimal)
2169  
2170  (F) Versions may not contain decimals after the optional underscore.
2171  See L<version> for the allowed version formats.
2172  
2173  =item ioctl is not implemented
2174  
2175  (F) Your machine apparently doesn't implement ioctl(), which is pretty
2176  strange for a machine that supports C.
2177  
2178  =item ioctl() on unopened %s
2179  
2180  (W unopened) You tried ioctl() on a filehandle that was never opened.
2181  Check you control flow and number of arguments.
2182  
2183  =item IO layers (like "%s") unavailable
2184  
2185  (F) Your Perl has not been configured to have PerlIO, and therefore
2186  you cannot use IO layers.  To have PerlIO Perl must be configured
2187  with 'useperlio'.
2188  
2189  =item IO::Socket::atmark not implemented on this architecture
2190  
2191  (F) Your machine doesn't implement the sockatmark() functionality,
2192  neither as a system call or an ioctl call (SIOCATMARK).
2193  
2194  =item $* is no longer supported
2195  
2196  (S deprecated, syntax) The special variable C<$*>, deprecated in older perls, has
2197  been removed as of 5.9.0 and is no longer supported. You should use the
2198  C<//m> and C<//s> regexp modifiers instead.
2199  
2200  =item $# is no longer supported
2201  
2202  (S deprecated, syntax) The special variable C<$#>, deprecated in older perls, has
2203  been removed as of 5.9.3 and is no longer supported. You should use the
2204  printf/sprintf functions instead.
2205  
2206  =item `%s' is not a code reference
2207  
2208  (W overload) The second (fourth, sixth, ...) argument of overload::constant
2209  needs to be a code reference. Either an anonymous subroutine, or a reference
2210  to a subroutine.
2211  
2212  =item `%s' is not an overloadable type
2213  
2214  (W overload) You tried to overload a constant type the overload package is
2215  unaware of.
2216  
2217  =item junk on end of regexp
2218  
2219  (P) The regular expression parser is confused.
2220  
2221  =item Label not found for "last %s"
2222  
2223  (F) You named a loop to break out of, but you're not currently in a loop
2224  of that name, not even if you count where you were called from.  See
2225  L<perlfunc/last>.
2226  
2227  =item Label not found for "next %s"
2228  
2229  (F) You named a loop to continue, but you're not currently in a loop of
2230  that name, not even if you count where you were called from.  See
2231  L<perlfunc/last>.
2232  
2233  =item Label not found for "redo %s"
2234  
2235  (F) You named a loop to restart, but you're not currently in a loop of
2236  that name, not even if you count where you were called from.  See
2237  L<perlfunc/last>.
2238  
2239  =item leaving effective %s failed
2240  
2241  (F) While under the C<use filetest> pragma, switching the real and
2242  effective uids or gids failed.
2243  
2244  =item length/code after end of string in unpack
2245  
2246  (F) While unpacking, the string buffer was already used up when an unpack
2247  length/code combination tried to obtain more data. This results in
2248  an undefined value for the length. See L<perlfunc/pack>.
2249  
2250  =item listen() on closed socket %s
2251  
2252  (W closed) You tried to do a listen on a closed socket.  Did you forget
2253  to check the return value of your socket() call?  See
2254  L<perlfunc/listen>.
2255  
2256  =item Lookbehind longer than %d not implemented in regex m/%s/
2257  
2258  (F) There is currently a limit on the length of string which lookbehind can
2259  handle. This restriction may be eased in a future release. 
2260  
2261  =item lstat() on filehandle %s
2262  
2263  (W io) You tried to do an lstat on a filehandle.  What did you mean
2264  by that?  lstat() makes sense only on filenames.  (Perl did a fstat()
2265  instead on the filehandle.)
2266  
2267  =item Lvalue subs returning %s not implemented yet
2268  
2269  (F) Due to limitations in the current implementation, array and hash
2270  values cannot be returned in subroutines used in lvalue context.  See
2271  L<perlsub/"Lvalue subroutines">.
2272  
2273  =item Malformed integer in [] in  pack
2274  
2275  (F) Between the  brackets enclosing a numeric repeat count only digits
2276  are permitted.  See L<perlfunc/pack>.
2277  
2278  =item Malformed integer in [] in unpack
2279  
2280  (F) Between the  brackets enclosing a numeric repeat count only digits
2281  are permitted.  See L<perlfunc/pack>.
2282  
2283  =item Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX
2284  
2285  (F) An error peculiar to OS/2.  PERLLIB_PREFIX should be of the form
2286  
2287      prefix1;prefix2
2288  
2289  or
2290      prefix1 prefix2
2291  
2292  with nonempty prefix1 and prefix2.  If C<prefix1> is indeed a prefix of
2293  a builtin library search path, prefix2 is substituted.  The error may
2294  appear if components are not found, or are too long.  See
2295  "PERLLIB_PREFIX" in L<perlos2>.
2296  
2297  =item Malformed prototype for %s: %s
2298  
2299  (F) You tried to use a function with a malformed prototype.  The
2300  syntax of function prototypes is given a brief compile-time check for
2301  obvious errors like invalid characters.  A more rigorous check is run
2302  when the function is called.
2303  
2304  =item Malformed UTF-8 character (%s)
2305  
2306  (S utf8) (F) Perl detected a string that didn't comply with UTF-8
2307  encoding rules, even though it had the UTF8 flag on.
2308  
2309  One possible cause is that you set the UTF8 flag yourself for data that
2310  you thought to be in UTF-8 but it wasn't (it was for example legacy
2311  8-bit data). To guard against this, you can use Encode::decode_utf8.
2312  
2313  If you use the C<:encoding(UTF-8)> PerlIO layer for input, invalid byte
2314  sequences are handled gracefully, but if you use C<:utf8>, the flag is
2315  set without validating the data, possibly resulting in this error
2316  message.
2317  
2318  See also L<Encode/"Handling Malformed Data">.
2319  
2320  =item Malformed UTF-16 surrogate
2321  
2322  Perl thought it was reading UTF-16 encoded character data but while
2323  doing it Perl met a malformed Unicode surrogate.
2324  
2325  =item Malformed UTF-8 string in pack
2326  
2327  (F) You tried to pack something that didn't comply with UTF-8 encoding
2328  rules and perl was unable to guess how to make more progress.
2329  
2330  =item Malformed UTF-8 string in unpack
2331  
2332  (F) You tried to unpack something that didn't comply with UTF-8 encoding
2333  rules and perl was unable to guess how to make more progress.
2334  
2335  =item Malformed UTF-8 string in '%c' format in unpack
2336  
2337  (F) You tried to unpack something that didn't comply with UTF-8 encoding
2338  rules and perl was unable to guess how to make more progress.
2339  
2340  =item Maximal count of pending signals (%s) exceeded
2341  
2342  (F) Perl aborted due to a too important number of signals pending. This
2343  usually indicates that your operating system tried to deliver signals
2344  too fast (with a very high priority), starving the perl process from
2345  resources it would need to reach a point where it can process signals
2346  safely. (See L<perlipc/"Deferred Signals (Safe Signals)">.)
2347  
2348  =item %s matches null string many times in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
2349  
2350  (W regexp) The pattern you've specified would be an infinite loop if the
2351  regular expression engine didn't specifically check for that.  The <-- HERE
2352  shows in the regular expression about where the problem was discovered.
2353  See L<perlre>.
2354  
2355  =item "%s" may clash with future reserved word
2356  
2357  (W) This warning may be due to running a perl5 script through a perl4
2358  interpreter, especially if the word that is being warned about is
2359  "use" or "my".
2360  
2361  =item % may not be used in pack
2362  
2363  (F) You can't pack a string by supplying a checksum, because the
2364  checksumming process loses information, and you can't go the other way.
2365  See L<perlfunc/unpack>.
2366  
2367  =item Method for operation %s not found in package %s during blessing
2368  
2369  (F) An attempt was made to specify an entry in an overloading table that
2370  doesn't resolve to a valid subroutine.  See L<overload>.
2371  
2372  =item Method %s not permitted
2373  
2374  See Server error.
2375  
2376  =item Might be a runaway multi-line %s string starting on line %d
2377  
2378  (S) An advisory indicating that the previous error may have been caused
2379  by a missing delimiter on a string or pattern, because it eventually
2380  ended earlier on the current line.
2381  
2382  =item Misplaced _ in number
2383  
2384  (W syntax) An underscore (underbar) in a numeric constant did not
2385  separate two digits.
2386  
2387  =item Missing argument to -%c
2388  
2389  (F) The argument to the indicated command line switch must follow
2390  immediately after the switch, without intervening spaces.
2391  
2392  =item Missing %sbrace%s on \N{}
2393  
2394  (F) Wrong syntax of character name literal C<\N{charname}> within
2395  double-quotish context.
2396  
2397  =item Missing comma after first argument to %s function
2398  
2399  (F) While certain functions allow you to specify a filehandle or an
2400  "indirect object" before the argument list, this ain't one of them.
2401  
2402  =item Missing command in piped open
2403  
2404  (W pipe) You used the C<open(FH, "| command")> or
2405  C<open(FH, "command |")> construction, but the command was missing or
2406  blank.
2407  
2408  =item Missing control char name in \c
2409  
2410  (F) A double-quoted string ended with "\c", without the required control
2411  character name.
2412  
2413  =item Missing name in "my sub"
2414  
2415  (F) The reserved syntax for lexically scoped subroutines requires that
2416  they have a name with which they can be found.
2417  
2418  =item Missing $ on loop variable
2419  
2420  (F) Apparently you've been programming in B<csh> too much.  Variables
2421  are always mentioned with the $ in Perl, unlike in the shells, where it
2422  can vary from one line to the next.
2423  
2424  =item (Missing operator before %s?)
2425  
2426  (S syntax) This is an educated guess made in conjunction with the message
2427  "%s found where operator expected".  Often the missing operator is a comma.
2428  
2429  =item Missing right brace on %s
2430  
2431  (F) Missing right brace in C<\p{...}> or C<\P{...}>.
2432  
2433  =item Missing right curly or square bracket
2434  
2435  (F) The lexer counted more opening curly or square brackets than closing
2436  ones.  As a general rule, you'll find it's missing near the place you
2437  were last editing.
2438  
2439  =item (Missing semicolon on previous line?)
2440  
2441  (S syntax) This is an educated guess made in conjunction with the message
2442  "%s found where operator expected".  Don't automatically put a semicolon on
2443  the previous line just because you saw this message.
2444  
2445  =item Modification of a read-only value attempted
2446  
2447  (F) You tried, directly or indirectly, to change the value of a
2448  constant.  You didn't, of course, try "2 = 1", because the compiler
2449  catches that.  But an easy way to do the same thing is:
2450  
2451      sub mod { $_[0] = 1 }
2452      mod(2);
2453  
2454  Another way is to assign to a substr() that's off the end of the string.
2455  
2456  Yet another way is to assign to a C<foreach> loop I<VAR> when I<VAR>
2457  is aliased to a constant in the look I<LIST>:
2458  
2459          $x = 1;
2460          foreach my $n ($x, 2) {
2461              $n *= 2; # modifies the $x, but fails on attempt to modify the 2
2462          }
2463  
2464  =item Modification of non-creatable array value attempted, %s
2465  
2466  (F) You tried to make an array value spring into existence, and the
2467  subscript was probably negative, even counting from end of the array
2468  backwards.
2469  
2470  =item Modification of non-creatable hash value attempted, %s
2471  
2472  (P) You tried to make a hash value spring into existence, and it
2473  couldn't be created for some peculiar reason.
2474  
2475  =item Module name must be constant
2476  
2477  (F) Only a bare module name is allowed as the first argument to a "use".
2478  
2479  =item Module name required with -%c option
2480  
2481  (F) The C<-M> or C<-m> options say that Perl should load some module, but
2482  you omitted the name of the module.  Consult L<perlrun> for full details
2483  about C<-M> and C<-m>.
2484  
2485  =item More than one argument to open
2486  
2487  (F) The C<open> function has been asked to open multiple files. This
2488  can happen if you are trying to open a pipe to a command that takes a
2489  list of arguments, but have forgotten to specify a piped open mode.
2490  See L<perlfunc/open> for details.
2491  
2492  =item msg%s not implemented
2493  
2494  (F) You don't have System V message IPC on your system.
2495  
2496  =item Multidimensional syntax %s not supported
2497  
2498  (W syntax) Multidimensional arrays aren't written like C<$foo[1,2,3]>.
2499  They're written like C<$foo[1][2][3]>, as in C.
2500  
2501  =item '/' must follow a numeric type in unpack
2502  
2503  (F) You had an unpack template that contained a '/', but this did not
2504  follow some unpack specification producing a numeric value.
2505  See L<perlfunc/pack>.
2506  
2507  =item "my sub" not yet implemented
2508  
2509  (F) Lexically scoped subroutines are not yet implemented.  Don't try
2510  that yet.
2511  
2512  =item "%s" variable %s can't be in a package
2513  
2514  (F) Lexically scoped variables aren't in a package, so it doesn't make
2515  sense to try to declare one with a package qualifier on the front.  Use
2516  local() if you want to localize a package variable.
2517  
2518  =item Name "%s::%s" used only once: possible typo
2519  
2520  (W once) Typographical errors often show up as unique variable names.
2521  If you had a good reason for having a unique name, then just mention it
2522  again somehow to suppress the message.  The C<our> declaration is
2523  provided for this purpose.
2524  
2525  NOTE: This warning detects symbols that have been used only once so $c, @c,
2526  %c, *c, &c, sub c{}, c(), and c (the filehandle or format) are considered
2527  the same; if a program uses $c only once but also uses any of the others it
2528  will not trigger this warning.
2529  
2530  =item Negative '/' count in unpack
2531  
2532  (F) The length count obtained from a length/code unpack operation was
2533  negative.  See L<perlfunc/pack>.
2534  
2535  =item Negative length
2536  
2537  (F) You tried to do a read/write/send/recv operation with a buffer
2538  length that is less than 0.  This is difficult to imagine.
2539  
2540  =item Negative offset to vec in lvalue context
2541  
2542  (F) When C<vec> is called in an lvalue context, the second argument must be
2543  greater than or equal to zero.
2544  
2545  =item Nested quantifiers in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
2546  
2547  (F) You can't quantify a quantifier without intervening parentheses. So
2548  things like ** or +* or ?* are illegal. The <-- HERE shows in the regular
2549  expression about where the problem was discovered.
2550  
2551  Note that the minimal matching quantifiers, C<*?>, C<+?>, and
2552  C<??> appear to be nested quantifiers, but aren't.  See L<perlre>.
2553  
2554  =item %s never introduced
2555  
2556  (S internal) The symbol in question was declared but somehow went out of
2557  scope before it could possibly have been used.
2558  
2559  =item next::method/next::can/maybe::next::method cannot find enclosing method
2560  
2561  (F) C<next::method> needs to be called within the context of a
2562  real method in a real package, and it could not find such a context.
2563  See L<mro>.
2564  
2565  =item No %s allowed while running setuid
2566  
2567  (F) Certain operations are deemed to be too insecure for a setuid or
2568  setgid script to even be allowed to attempt.  Generally speaking there
2569  will be another way to do what you want that is, if not secure, at least
2570  securable.  See L<perlsec>.
2571  
2572  =item No comma allowed after %s
2573  
2574  (F) A list operator that has a filehandle or "indirect object" is not
2575  allowed to have a comma between that and the following arguments.
2576  Otherwise it'd be just another one of the arguments.
2577  
2578  One possible cause for this is that you expected to have imported a
2579  constant to your name space with B<use> or B<import> while no such
2580  importing took place, it may for example be that your operating system
2581  does not support that particular constant. Hopefully you did use an
2582  explicit import list for the constants you expect to see, please see
2583  L<perlfunc/use> and L<perlfunc/import>. While an explicit import list
2584  would probably have caught this error earlier it naturally does not
2585  remedy the fact that your operating system still does not support that
2586  constant. Maybe you have a typo in the constants of the symbol import
2587  list of B<use> or B<import> or in the constant name at the line where
2588  this error was triggered?
2589  
2590  =item No command into which to pipe on command line
2591  
2592  (F) An error peculiar to VMS.  Perl handles its own command line
2593  redirection, and found a '|' at the end of the command line, so it
2594  doesn't know where you want to pipe the output from this command.
2595  
2596  =item No DB::DB routine defined
2597  
2598  (F) The currently executing code was compiled with the B<-d> switch, but
2599  for some reason the  current debugger (e.g. F<perl5db.pl> or a C<Devel::>
2600  module) didn't define a routine to be called at the beginning of each
2601  statement.
2602  
2603  =item No dbm on this machine
2604  
2605  (P) This is counted as an internal error, because every machine should
2606  supply dbm nowadays, because Perl comes with SDBM.  See L<SDBM_File>.
2607  
2608  =item No DB::sub routine defined
2609  
2610  (F) The currently executing code was compiled with the B<-d> switch, but
2611  for some reason the current debugger (e.g. F<perl5db.pl> or a C<Devel::>
2612  module) didn't define a C<DB::sub> routine to be called at the beginning
2613  of each ordinary subroutine call.
2614  
2615  =item No B<-e> allowed in setuid scripts
2616  
2617  (F) A setuid script can't be specified by the user.
2618  
2619  =item No error file after 2> or 2>> on command line
2620  
2621  (F) An error peculiar to VMS.  Perl handles its own command line
2622  redirection, and found a '2>' or a '2>>' on the command line, but can't
2623  find the name of the file to which to write data destined for stderr.
2624  
2625  =item No group ending character '%c' found in template
2626  
2627  (F) A pack or unpack template has an opening '(' or '[' without its
2628  matching counterpart. See L<perlfunc/pack>.
2629  
2630  =item No input file after < on command line
2631  
2632  (F) An error peculiar to VMS.  Perl handles its own command line
2633  redirection, and found a '<' on the command line, but can't find the
2634  name of the file from which to read data for stdin.
2635  
2636  =item No #! line
2637  
2638  (F) The setuid emulator requires that scripts have a well-formed #! line
2639  even on machines that don't support the #! construct.
2640  
2641  =item No next::method '%s' found for %s
2642  
2643  (F) C<next::method> found no further instances of this method name
2644  in the remaining packages of the MRO of this class.  If you don't want
2645  it throwing an exception, use C<maybe::next::method>
2646  or C<next::can>. See L<mro>.
2647  
2648  =item "no" not allowed in expression
2649  
2650  (F) The "no" keyword is recognized and executed at compile time, and
2651  returns no useful value.  See L<perlmod>.
2652  
2653  =item No output file after > on command line
2654  
2655  (F) An error peculiar to VMS.  Perl handles its own command line
2656  redirection, and found a lone '>' at the end of the command line, so it
2657  doesn't know where you wanted to redirect stdout.
2658  
2659  =item No output file after > or >> on command line
2660  
2661  (F) An error peculiar to VMS.  Perl handles its own command line
2662  redirection, and found a '>' or a '>>' on the command line, but can't
2663  find the name of the file to which to write data destined for stdout.
2664  
2665  =item No package name allowed for variable %s in "our"
2666  
2667  (F) Fully qualified variable names are not allowed in "our"
2668  declarations, because that doesn't make much sense under existing
2669  semantics.  Such syntax is reserved for future extensions.
2670  
2671  =item No Perl script found in input
2672  
2673  (F) You called C<perl -x>, but no line was found in the file beginning
2674  with #! and containing the word "perl".
2675  
2676  =item No setregid available
2677  
2678  (F) Configure didn't find anything resembling the setregid() call for
2679  your system.
2680  
2681  =item No setreuid available
2682  
2683  (F) Configure didn't find anything resembling the setreuid() call for
2684  your system.
2685  
2686  =item No %s specified for -%c
2687  
2688  (F) The indicated command line switch needs a mandatory argument, but
2689  you haven't specified one.
2690  
2691  =item No such class field "%s" in variable %s of type %s
2692  
2693  (F) You tried to access a key from a hash through the indicated typed variable
2694  but that key is not allowed by the package of the same type.  The indicated
2695  package has restricted the set of allowed keys using the L<fields> pragma.
2696  
2697  =item No such class %s
2698  
2699  (F) You provided a class qualifier in a "my", "our" or "state" declaration, but
2700  this class doesn't exist at this point in your program.
2701  
2702  =item No such pipe open
2703  
2704  (P) An error peculiar to VMS.  The internal routine my_pclose() tried to
2705  close a pipe which hadn't been opened.  This should have been caught
2706  earlier as an attempt to close an unopened filehandle.
2707  
2708  =item No such signal: SIG%s
2709  
2710  (W signal) You specified a signal name as a subscript to %SIG that was
2711  not recognized.  Say C<kill -l> in your shell to see the valid signal
2712  names on your system.
2713  
2714  =item Not a CODE reference
2715  
2716  (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to a code value (that is, a
2717  subroutine), but found a reference to something else instead.  You can
2718  use the ref() function to find out what kind of ref it really was.  See
2719  also L<perlref>.
2720  
2721  =item Not a format reference
2722  
2723  (F) I'm not sure how you managed to generate a reference to an anonymous
2724  format, but this indicates you did, and that it didn't exist.
2725  
2726  =item Not a GLOB reference
2727  
2728  (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to a "typeglob" (that is, a
2729  symbol table entry that looks like C<*foo>), but found a reference to
2730  something else instead.  You can use the ref() function to find out what
2731  kind of ref it really was.  See L<perlref>.
2732  
2733  =item Not a HASH reference
2734  
2735  (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to a hash value, but found a
2736  reference to something else instead.  You can use the ref() function to
2737  find out what kind of ref it really was.  See L<perlref>.
2738  
2739  =item Not an ARRAY reference
2740  
2741  (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to an array value, but found
2742  a reference to something else instead.  You can use the ref() function
2743  to find out what kind of ref it really was.  See L<perlref>.
2744  
2745  =item Not a perl script
2746  
2747  (F) The setuid emulator requires that scripts have a well-formed #! line
2748  even on machines that don't support the #! construct.  The line must
2749  mention perl.
2750  
2751  =item Not a SCALAR reference
2752  
2753  (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to a scalar value, but found
2754  a reference to something else instead.  You can use the ref() function
2755  to find out what kind of ref it really was.  See L<perlref>.
2756  
2757  =item Not a subroutine reference
2758  
2759  (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to a code value (that is, a
2760  subroutine), but found a reference to something else instead.  You can
2761  use the ref() function to find out what kind of ref it really was.  See
2762  also L<perlref>.
2763  
2764  =item Not a subroutine reference in overload table
2765  
2766  (F) An attempt was made to specify an entry in an overloading table that
2767  doesn't somehow point to a valid subroutine.  See L<overload>.
2768  
2769  =item Not enough arguments for %s
2770  
2771  (F) The function requires more arguments than you specified.
2772  
2773  =item Not enough format arguments
2774  
2775  (W syntax) A format specified more picture fields than the next line
2776  supplied.  See L<perlform>.
2777  
2778  =item %s: not found
2779  
2780  (A) You've accidentally run your script through the Bourne shell instead
2781  of Perl.  Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into Perl
2782  yourself.
2783  
2784  =item no UTC offset information; assuming local time is UTC
2785  
2786  (S) A warning peculiar to VMS.  Perl was unable to find the local
2787  timezone offset, so it's assuming that local system time is equivalent
2788  to UTC.  If it's not, define the logical name
2789  F<SYS$TIMEZONE_DIFFERENTIAL> to translate to the number of seconds which
2790  need to be added to UTC to get local time.
2791  
2792  =item Non-string passed as bitmask
2793  
2794  (W misc) A number has been passed as a bitmask argument to select().
2795  Use the vec() function to construct the file descriptor bitmasks for
2796  select. See L<perlfunc/select>
2797  
2798  =item Null filename used
2799  
2800  (F) You can't require the null filename, especially because on many
2801  machines that means the current directory!  See L<perlfunc/require>.
2802  
2803  =item NULL OP IN RUN
2804  
2805  (P debugging) Some internal routine called run() with a null opcode
2806  pointer.
2807  
2808  =item Null picture in formline
2809  
2810  (F) The first argument to formline must be a valid format picture
2811  specification.  It was found to be empty, which probably means you
2812  supplied it an uninitialized value.  See L<perlform>.
2813  
2814  =item Null realloc
2815  
2816  (P) An attempt was made to realloc NULL.
2817  
2818  =item NULL regexp argument
2819  
2820  (P) The internal pattern matching routines blew it big time.
2821  
2822  =item NULL regexp parameter
2823  
2824  (P) The internal pattern matching routines are out of their gourd.
2825  
2826  =item Number too long
2827  
2828  (F) Perl limits the representation of decimal numbers in programs to
2829  about 250 characters.  You've exceeded that length.  Future
2830  versions of Perl are likely to eliminate this arbitrary limitation.  In
2831  the meantime, try using scientific notation (e.g. "1e6" instead of
2832  "1_000_000").
2833  
2834  =item Octal number in vector unsupported
2835  
2836  (F) Numbers with a leading C<0> are not currently allowed in vectors.
2837  The octal number interpretation of such numbers may be supported in a
2838  future version.
2839  
2840  =item Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable
2841  
2842  (W portable) The octal number you specified is larger than 2**32-1
2843  (4294967295) and therefore non-portable between systems.  See
2844  L<perlport> for more on portability concerns.
2845  
2846  See also L<perlport> for writing portable code.
2847  
2848  =item Odd number of arguments for overload::constant
2849  
2850  (W overload) The call to overload::constant contained an odd number of
2851  arguments. The arguments should come in pairs.
2852  
2853  =item Odd number of elements in anonymous hash
2854  
2855  (W misc) You specified an odd number of elements to initialize a hash,
2856  which is odd, because hashes come in key/value pairs.
2857  
2858  =item Odd number of elements in hash assignment
2859  
2860  (W misc) You specified an odd number of elements to initialize a hash,
2861  which is odd, because hashes come in key/value pairs.
2862  
2863  =item Offset outside string
2864  
2865  (F, W layer) You tried to do a read/write/send/recv/seek operation
2866  with an offset pointing outside the buffer.  This is difficult to
2867  imagine.  The sole exceptions to this are that zero padding will
2868  take place when going past the end of the string when either
2869  C<sysread()>ing a file, or when seeking past the end of a scalar opened
2870  for I/O (in anticipation of future reads and to imitate the behaviour
2871  with real files).
2872  
2873  =item %s() on unopened %s
2874  
2875  (W unopened) An I/O operation was attempted on a filehandle that was
2876  never initialized.  You need to do an open(), a sysopen(), or a socket()
2877  call, or call a constructor from the FileHandle package.
2878  
2879  =item -%s on unopened filehandle %s
2880  
2881  (W unopened) You tried to invoke a file test operator on a filehandle
2882  that isn't open.  Check your control flow.  See also L<perlfunc/-X>.
2883  
2884  =item oops: oopsAV
2885  
2886  (S internal) An internal warning that the grammar is screwed up.
2887  
2888  =item oops: oopsHV
2889  
2890  (S internal) An internal warning that the grammar is screwed up.
2891  
2892  =item Opening dirhandle %s also as a file
2893  
2894  (W io deprecated) You used open() to associate a filehandle to
2895  a symbol (glob or scalar) that already holds a dirhandle.
2896  Although legal, this idiom might render your code confusing
2897  and is deprecated.
2898  
2899  =item Opening filehandle %s also as a directory
2900  
2901  (W io deprecated) You used opendir() to associate a dirhandle to
2902  a symbol (glob or scalar) that already holds a filehandle.
2903  Although legal, this idiom might render your code confusing
2904  and is deprecated.
2905  
2906  =item Operation "%s": no method found, %s
2907  
2908  (F) An attempt was made to perform an overloaded operation for which no
2909  handler was defined.  While some handlers can be autogenerated in terms
2910  of other handlers, there is no default handler for any operation, unless
2911  C<fallback> overloading key is specified to be true.  See L<overload>.
2912  
2913  =item Operator or semicolon missing before %s
2914  
2915  (S ambiguous) You used a variable or subroutine call where the parser
2916  was expecting an operator.  The parser has assumed you really meant to
2917  use an operator, but this is highly likely to be incorrect.  For
2918  example, if you say "*foo *foo" it will be interpreted as if you said
2919  "*foo * 'foo'".
2920  
2921  =item "our" variable %s redeclared
2922  
2923  (W misc) You seem to have already declared the same global once before
2924  in the current lexical scope.
2925  
2926  =item Out of memory!
2927  
2928  (X) The malloc() function returned 0, indicating there was insufficient
2929  remaining memory (or virtual memory) to satisfy the request.  Perl has
2930  no option but to exit immediately.
2931  
2932  At least in Unix you may be able to get past this by increasing your
2933  process datasize limits: in csh/tcsh use C<limit> and
2934  C<limit datasize n> (where C<n> is the number of kilobytes) to check
2935  the current limits and change them, and in ksh/bash/zsh use C<ulimit -a>
2936  and C<ulimit -d n>, respectively.
2937  
2938  =item Out of memory during %s extend
2939  
2940  (X) An attempt was made to extend an array, a list, or a string beyond
2941  the largest possible memory allocation.
2942  
2943  =item Out of memory during "large" request for %s
2944  
2945  (F) The malloc() function returned 0, indicating there was insufficient
2946  remaining memory (or virtual memory) to satisfy the request. However,
2947  the request was judged large enough (compile-time default is 64K), so a
2948  possibility to shut down by trapping this error is granted.
2949  
2950  =item Out of memory during request for %s
2951  
2952  (X|F) The malloc() function returned 0, indicating there was
2953  insufficient remaining memory (or virtual memory) to satisfy the
2954  request.
2955  
2956  The request was judged to be small, so the possibility to trap it
2957  depends on the way perl was compiled.  By default it is not trappable.
2958  However, if compiled for this, Perl may use the contents of C<$^M> as an
2959  emergency pool after die()ing with this message.  In this case the error
2960  is trappable I<once>, and the error message will include the line and file
2961  where the failed request happened.
2962  
2963  =item Out of memory during ridiculously large request
2964  
2965  (F) You can't allocate more than 2^31+"small amount" bytes.  This error
2966  is most likely to be caused by a typo in the Perl program. e.g.,
2967  C<$arr[time]> instead of C<$arr[$time]>.
2968  
2969  =item Out of memory for yacc stack
2970  
2971  (F) The yacc parser wanted to grow its stack so it could continue
2972  parsing, but realloc() wouldn't give it more memory, virtual or
2973  otherwise.
2974  
2975  =item '.' outside of string in pack
2976  
2977  (F) The argument to a '.' in your template tried to move the working
2978  position to before the start of the packed string being built.
2979  
2980  =item '@' outside of string in unpack
2981  
2982  (F) You had a template that specified an absolute position outside
2983  the string being unpacked.  See L<perlfunc/pack>.
2984  
2985  =item '@' outside of string with malformed UTF-8 in unpack
2986  
2987  (F) You had a template that specified an absolute position outside
2988  the string being unpacked. The string being unpacked was also invalid
2989  UTF-8. See L<perlfunc/pack>.
2990  
2991  =item %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word: %s
2992  
2993  (W reserved) A lowercase attribute name was used that had a
2994  package-specific handler.  That name might have a meaning to Perl itself
2995  some day, even though it doesn't yet.  Perhaps you should use a
2996  mixed-case attribute name, instead.  See L<attributes>.
2997  
2998  =item pack/unpack repeat count overflow
2999  
3000  (F) You can't specify a repeat count so large that it overflows your
3001  signed integers.  See L<perlfunc/pack>.
3002  
3003  =item page overflow
3004  
3005  (W io) A single call to write() produced more lines than can fit on a
3006  page.  See L<perlform>.
3007  
3008  =item panic: %s
3009  
3010  (P) An internal error.
3011  
3012  =item panic: attempt to call %s in %s
3013  
3014  (P) One of the file test operators entered a code branch that calls
3015  an ACL related-function, but that function is not available on this
3016  platform.  Earlier checks mean that it should not be possible to
3017  enter this branch on this platform.
3018  
3019  =item panic: ck_grep
3020  
3021  (P) Failed an internal consistency check trying to compile a grep.
3022  
3023  =item panic: ck_split
3024  
3025  (P) Failed an internal consistency check trying to compile a split.
3026  
3027  =item panic: corrupt saved stack index
3028  
3029  (P) The savestack was requested to restore more localized values than
3030  there are in the savestack.
3031  
3032  =item panic: del_backref
3033  
3034  (P) Failed an internal consistency check while trying to reset a weak
3035  reference.
3036  
3037  =item panic: Devel::DProf inconsistent subroutine return
3038  
3039  (P) Devel::DProf called a subroutine that exited using goto(LABEL),
3040  last(LABEL) or next(LABEL). Leaving that way a subroutine called from
3041  an XSUB will lead very probably to a crash of the interpreter. This is
3042  a bug that will hopefully one day get fixed.
3043  
3044  =item panic: die %s
3045  
3046  (P) We popped the context stack to an eval context, and then discovered
3047  it wasn't an eval context.
3048  
3049  =item panic: do_subst
3050  
3051  (P) The internal pp_subst() routine was called with invalid operational
3052  data.
3053  
3054  =item panic: do_trans_%s
3055  
3056  (P) The internal do_trans routines were called with invalid operational
3057  data.
3058  
3059  =item panic: fold_constants JMPENV_PUSH returned %d
3060  
3061  (P) While attempting folding constants an exception other than an C<eval>
3062  failure was caught.
3063  
3064  =item panic: frexp
3065  
3066  (P) The library function frexp() failed, making printf("%f") impossible.
3067  
3068  =item panic: goto
3069  
3070  (P) We popped the context stack to a context with the specified label,
3071  and then discovered it wasn't a context we know how to do a goto in.
3072  
3073  =item panic: hfreeentries failed to free hash
3074  
3075  (P) The internal routine used to clear a hashes entries tried repeatedly,
3076  but each time something added more entries to the hash. Most likely the hash
3077  contains an object with a reference back to the hash and a destructor that
3078  adds a new object to the hash.
3079  
3080  =item panic: INTERPCASEMOD
3081  
3082  (P) The lexer got into a bad state at a case modifier.
3083  
3084  =item panic: INTERPCONCAT
3085  
3086  (P) The lexer got into a bad state parsing a string with brackets.
3087  
3088  =item panic: kid popen errno read
3089  
3090  (F) forked child returned an incomprehensible message about its errno.
3091  
3092  =item panic: last
3093  
3094  (P) We popped the context stack to a block context, and then discovered
3095  it wasn't a block context.
3096  
3097  =item panic: leave_scope clearsv
3098  
3099  (P) A writable lexical variable became read-only somehow within the
3100  scope.
3101  
3102  =item panic: leave_scope inconsistency
3103  
3104  (P) The savestack probably got out of sync.  At least, there was an
3105  invalid enum on the top of it.
3106  
3107  =item panic: magic_killbackrefs
3108  
3109  (P) Failed an internal consistency check while trying to reset all weak
3110  references to an object.
3111  
3112  =item panic: malloc
3113  
3114  (P) Something requested a negative number of bytes of malloc.
3115  
3116  =item panic: memory wrap
3117  
3118  (P) Something tried to allocate more memory than possible.
3119  
3120  =item panic: pad_alloc
3121  
3122  (P) The compiler got confused about which scratch pad it was allocating
3123  and freeing temporaries and lexicals from.
3124  
3125  =item panic: pad_free curpad
3126  
3127  (P) The compiler got confused about which scratch pad it was allocating
3128  and freeing temporaries and lexicals from.
3129  
3130  =item panic: pad_free po
3131  
3132  (P) An invalid scratch pad offset was detected internally.
3133  
3134  =item panic: pad_reset curpad
3135  
3136  (P) The compiler got confused about which scratch pad it was allocating
3137  and freeing temporaries and lexicals from.
3138  
3139  =item panic: pad_sv po
3140  
3141  (P) An invalid scratch pad offset was detected internally.
3142  
3143  =item panic: pad_swipe curpad
3144  
3145  (P) The compiler got confused about which scratch pad it was allocating
3146  and freeing temporaries and lexicals from.
3147  
3148  =item panic: pad_swipe po
3149  
3150  (P) An invalid scratch pad offset was detected internally.
3151  
3152  =item panic: pp_iter
3153  
3154  (P) The foreach iterator got called in a non-loop context frame.
3155  
3156  =item panic: pp_match%s
3157  
3158  (P) The internal pp_match() routine was called with invalid operational
3159  data.
3160  
3161  =item panic: pp_split
3162  
3163  (P) Something terrible went wrong in setting up for the split.
3164  
3165  =item panic: realloc
3166  
3167  (P) Something requested a negative number of bytes of realloc.
3168  
3169  =item panic: restartop
3170  
3171  (P) Some internal routine requested a goto (or something like it), and
3172  didn't supply the destination.
3173  
3174  =item panic: return
3175  
3176  (P) We popped the context stack to a subroutine or eval context, and
3177  then discovered it wasn't a subroutine or eval context.
3178  
3179  =item panic: scan_num
3180  
3181  (P) scan_num() got called on something that wasn't a number.
3182  
3183  =item panic: sv_insert
3184  
3185  (P) The sv_insert() routine was told to remove more string than there
3186  was string.
3187  
3188  =item panic: top_env
3189  
3190  (P) The compiler attempted to do a goto, or something weird like that.
3191  
3192  =item panic: unimplemented op %s (#%d) called
3193  
3194  (P) The compiler is screwed up and attempted to use an op that isn't permitted
3195  at run time.
3196  
3197  =item panic: utf16_to_utf8: odd bytelen
3198  
3199  (P) Something tried to call utf16_to_utf8 with an odd (as opposed
3200  to even) byte length.
3201  
3202  =item panic: yylex
3203  
3204  (P) The lexer got into a bad state while processing a case modifier.
3205  
3206  =item Pattern subroutine nesting without pos change exceeded limit in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
3207  
3208  (F) You used a pattern that uses too many nested subpattern calls without
3209  consuming any text. Restructure the pattern so text is consumed before the
3210  nesting limit is exceeded.
3211  
3212  The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was
3213  discovered.
3214  
3215  =item Parentheses missing around "%s" list
3216  
3217  (W parenthesis) You said something like
3218  
3219      my $foo, $bar = @_;
3220  
3221  when you meant
3222  
3223      my ($foo, $bar) = @_;
3224  
3225  Remember that "my", "our", "local" and "state" bind tighter than comma.
3226  
3227  =item C<-p> destination: %s
3228  
3229  (F) An error occurred during the implicit output invoked by the C<-p>
3230  command-line switch.  (This output goes to STDOUT unless you've
3231  redirected it with select().)
3232  
3233  =item (perhaps you forgot to load "%s"?)
3234  
3235  (F) This is an educated guess made in conjunction with the message
3236  "Can't locate object method \"%s\" via package \"%s\"".  It often means
3237  that a method requires a package that has not been loaded.
3238  
3239  =item Perl_my_%s() not available
3240  
3241  (F) Your platform has very uncommon byte-order and integer size,
3242  so it was not possible to set up some or all fixed-width byte-order
3243  conversion functions.  This is only a problem when you're using the
3244  '<' or '>' modifiers in (un)pack templates.  See L<perlfunc/pack>.
3245  
3246  =item Perl %s required--this is only version %s, stopped
3247  
3248  (F) The module in question uses features of a version of Perl more
3249  recent than the currently running version.  How long has it been since
3250  you upgraded, anyway?  See L<perlfunc/require>.
3251  
3252  =item PERL_SH_DIR too long
3253  
3254  (F) An error peculiar to OS/2. PERL_SH_DIR is the directory to find the
3255  C<sh>-shell in.  See "PERL_SH_DIR" in L<perlos2>.
3256  
3257  =item PERL_SIGNALS illegal: "%s"
3258  
3259  See L<perlrun/PERL_SIGNALS> for legal values.
3260  
3261  =item perl: warning: Setting locale failed.
3262  
3263  (S) The whole warning message will look something like:
3264  
3265      perl: warning: Setting locale failed.
3266      perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:
3267              LC_ALL = "En_US",
3268              LANG = (unset)
3269          are supported and installed on your system.
3270      perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C").
3271  
3272  Exactly what were the failed locale settings varies.  In the above the
3273  settings were that the LC_ALL was "En_US" and the LANG had no value.
3274  This error means that Perl detected that you and/or your operating
3275  system supplier and/or system administrator have set up the so-called
3276  locale system but Perl could not use those settings.  This was not
3277  dead serious, fortunately: there is a "default locale" called "C" that
3278  Perl can and will use, the script will be run.  Before you really fix
3279  the problem, however, you will get the same error message each time
3280  you run Perl.  How to really fix the problem can be found in
3281  L<perllocale> section B<LOCALE PROBLEMS>.
3282  
3283  =item Permission denied
3284  
3285  (F) The setuid emulator in suidperl decided you were up to no good.
3286  
3287  =item pid %x not a child
3288  
3289  (W exec) A warning peculiar to VMS.  Waitpid() was asked to wait for a
3290  process which isn't a subprocess of the current process.  While this is
3291  fine from VMS' perspective, it's probably not what you intended.
3292  
3293  =item 'P' must have an explicit size in unpack
3294  
3295  (F) The unpack format P must have an explicit size, not "*".
3296  
3297  =item B<-P> not allowed for setuid/setgid script
3298  
3299  (F) The script would have to be opened by the C preprocessor by name,
3300  which provides a race condition that breaks security.
3301  
3302  =item POSIX class [:%s:] unknown in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
3303  
3304  (F) The class in the character class [: :] syntax is unknown.  The <-- HERE
3305  shows in the regular expression about where the problem was discovered.
3306  Note that the POSIX character classes do B<not> have the C<is> prefix
3307  the corresponding C interfaces have: in other words, it's C<[[:print:]]>,
3308  not C<isprint>.  See L<perlre>.
3309  
3310  =item POSIX getpgrp can't take an argument
3311  
3312  (F) Your system has POSIX getpgrp(), which takes no argument, unlike
3313  the BSD version, which takes a pid.
3314  
3315  =item POSIX syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
3316  
3317  (W regexp) The character class constructs [: :], [= =], and [. .]  go
3318  I<inside> character classes, the [] are part of the construct, for example:
3319  /[012[:alpha:]345]/.  Note that [= =] and [. .] are not currently
3320  implemented; they are simply placeholders for future extensions and will
3321  cause fatal errors.  The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about
3322  where the problem was discovered.  See L<perlre>.
3323  
3324  =item POSIX syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
3325  
3326  (F regexp) Within regular expression character classes ([]) the syntax
3327  beginning with "[." and ending with ".]" is reserved for future extensions.
3328  If you need to represent those character sequences inside a regular
3329  expression character class, just quote the square brackets with the
3330  backslash: "\[." and ".\]".  The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression
3331  about where the problem was discovered.  See L<perlre>.
3332  
3333  =item POSIX syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
3334  
3335  (F) Within regular expression character classes ([]) the syntax beginning
3336  with "[=" and ending with "=]" is reserved for future extensions.  If you
3337  need to represent those character sequences inside a regular expression
3338  character class, just quote the square brackets with the backslash: "\[="
3339  and "=\]".  The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the
3340  problem was discovered.  See L<perlre>.
3341  
3342  =item Possible attempt to put comments in qw() list
3343  
3344  (W qw) qw() lists contain items separated by whitespace; as with literal
3345  strings, comment characters are not ignored, but are instead treated as
3346  literal data.  (You may have used different delimiters than the
3347  parentheses shown here; braces are also frequently used.)
3348  
3349  You probably wrote something like this:
3350  
3351      @list = qw(
3352      a # a comment
3353          b # another comment
3354      );
3355  
3356  when you should have written this:
3357  
3358      @list = qw(
3359      a
3360          b
3361      );
3362  
3363  If you really want comments, build your list the
3364  old-fashioned way, with quotes and commas:
3365  
3366      @list = (
3367          'a',    # a comment
3368          'b',    # another comment
3369      );
3370  
3371  =item Possible attempt to separate words with commas
3372  
3373  (W qw) qw() lists contain items separated by whitespace; therefore
3374  commas aren't needed to separate the items.  (You may have used
3375  different delimiters than the parentheses shown here; braces are also
3376  frequently used.)
3377  
3378  You probably wrote something like this:
3379  
3380      qw! a, b, c !;
3381  
3382  which puts literal commas into some of the list items.  Write it without
3383  commas if you don't want them to appear in your data:
3384  
3385      qw! a b c !;
3386  
3387  =item Possible memory corruption: %s overflowed 3rd argument
3388  
3389  (F) An ioctl() or fcntl() returned more than Perl was bargaining for.
3390  Perl guesses a reasonable buffer size, but puts a sentinel byte at the
3391  end of the buffer just in case.  This sentinel byte got clobbered, and
3392  Perl assumes that memory is now corrupted.  See L<perlfunc/ioctl>.
3393  
3394  =item Possible precedence problem on bitwise %c operator
3395  
3396  (W precedence) Your program uses a bitwise logical operator in conjunction
3397  with a numeric comparison operator, like this :
3398  
3399      if ($x & $y == 0) { ... }
3400  
3401  This expression is actually equivalent to C<$x & ($y == 0)>, due to the
3402  higher precedence of C<==>. This is probably not what you want. (If you
3403  really meant to write this, disable the warning, or, better, put the
3404  parentheses explicitly and write C<$x & ($y == 0)>).
3405  
3406  =item Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string
3407  
3408  (W ambiguous) You said something like `@foo' in a double-quoted string
3409  but there was no array C<@foo> in scope at the time. If you wanted a
3410  literal @foo, then write it as \@foo; otherwise find out what happened
3411  to the array you apparently lost track of.
3412  
3413  =item pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS" instead
3414  
3415  (D deprecated) You have written something like this:
3416  
3417      sub doit
3418      {
3419          use attrs qw(locked);
3420      }
3421  
3422  You should use the new declaration syntax instead.
3423  
3424      sub doit : locked
3425      {
3426          ...
3427  
3428  The C<use attrs> pragma is now obsolete, and is only provided for
3429  backward-compatibility. See L<perlsub/"Subroutine Attributes">.
3430  
3431  =item Precedence problem: open %s should be open(%s)
3432  
3433  (S precedence) The old irregular construct
3434  
3435      open FOO || die;
3436  
3437  is now misinterpreted as
3438  
3439      open(FOO || die);
3440  
3441  because of the strict regularization of Perl 5's grammar into unary and
3442  list operators.  (The old open was a little of both.)  You must put
3443  parentheses around the filehandle, or use the new "or" operator instead
3444  of "||".
3445  
3446  =item Premature end of script headers
3447  
3448  See Server error.
3449  
3450  =item printf() on closed filehandle %s
3451  
3452  (W closed) The filehandle you're writing to got itself closed sometime
3453  before now.  Check your control flow.
3454  
3455  =item print() on closed filehandle %s
3456  
3457  (W closed) The filehandle you're printing on got itself closed sometime
3458  before now.  Check your control flow.
3459  
3460  =item Process terminated by SIG%s
3461  
3462  (W) This is a standard message issued by OS/2 applications, while *nix
3463  applications die in silence.  It is considered a feature of the OS/2
3464  port.  One can easily disable this by appropriate sighandlers, see
3465  L<perlipc/"Signals">.  See also "Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT"
3466  in L<perlos2>.
3467  
3468  =item Prototype mismatch: %s vs %s
3469  
3470  (S prototype) The subroutine being declared or defined had previously been
3471  declared or defined with a different function prototype.
3472  
3473  =item Prototype not terminated
3474  
3475  (F) You've omitted the closing parenthesis in a function prototype
3476  definition.
3477  
3478  =item Quantifier follows nothing in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
3479  
3480  (F) You started a regular expression with a quantifier. Backslash it if you
3481  meant it literally. The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about
3482  where the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>.
3483  
3484  =item Quantifier in {,} bigger than %d in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
3485  
3486  (F) There is currently a limit to the size of the min and max values of the
3487  {min,max} construct. The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where
3488  the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>.
3489  
3490  =item Quantifier unexpected on zero-length expression; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
3491  
3492  (W regexp) You applied a regular expression quantifier in a place where
3493  it makes no sense, such as on a zero-width assertion.  Try putting the
3494  quantifier inside the assertion instead.  For example, the way to match
3495  "abc" provided that it is followed by three repetitions of "xyz" is
3496  C</abc(?=(?:xyz){3})/>, not C</abc(?=xyz){3}/>.
3497  
3498  The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was
3499  discovered.
3500  
3501  =item Range iterator outside integer range
3502  
3503  (F) One (or both) of the numeric arguments to the range operator ".."
3504  are outside the range which can be represented by integers internally.
3505  One possible workaround is to force Perl to use magical string increment
3506  by prepending "0" to your numbers.
3507  
3508  =item readdir() attempted on invalid dirhandle %s
3509  
3510  (W io) The dirhandle you're reading from is either closed or not really
3511  a dirhandle.  Check your control flow.
3512  
3513  =item readline() on closed filehandle %s
3514  
3515  (W closed) The filehandle you're reading from got itself closed sometime
3516  before now.  Check your control flow.
3517  
3518  =item read() on closed filehandle %s
3519  
3520  (W closed) You tried to read from a closed filehandle.
3521  
3522  =item read() on unopened filehandle %s
3523  
3524  (W unopened) You tried to read from a filehandle that was never opened.
3525  
3526  =item Reallocation too large: %lx
3527  
3528  (F) You can't allocate more than 64K on an MS-DOS machine.
3529  
3530  =item realloc() of freed memory ignored
3531  
3532  (S malloc) An internal routine called realloc() on something that had
3533  already been freed.
3534  
3535  =item Recompile perl with B<-D>DEBUGGING to use B<-D> switch
3536  
3537  (F debugging) You can't use the B<-D> option unless the code to produce
3538  the desired output is compiled into Perl, which entails some overhead,
3539  which is why it's currently left out of your copy.
3540  
3541  =item Recursive inheritance detected in package '%s'
3542  
3543  (F) While calculating the method resolution order (MRO) of a package, Perl
3544  believes it found an infinite loop in the C<@ISA> hierarchy.  This is a
3545  crude check that bails out after 100 levels of C<@ISA> depth.
3546  
3547  =item Recursive inheritance detected while looking for method %s
3548  
3549  (F) More than 100 levels of inheritance were encountered while invoking
3550  a method.  Probably indicates an unintended loop in your inheritance
3551  hierarchy.
3552  
3553  =item Reference found where even-sized list expected
3554  
3555  (W misc) You gave a single reference where Perl was expecting a list
3556  with an even number of elements (for assignment to a hash). This usually
3557  means that you used the anon hash constructor when you meant to use
3558  parens. In any case, a hash requires key/value B<pairs>.
3559  
3560      %hash = { one => 1, two => 2, };    # WRONG
3561      %hash = [ qw/ an anon array / ];    # WRONG
3562      %hash = ( one => 1, two => 2, );    # right
3563      %hash = qw( one 1 two 2 );            # also fine
3564  
3565  =item Reference is already weak
3566  
3567  (W misc) You have attempted to weaken a reference that is already weak.
3568  Doing so has no effect.
3569  
3570  =item Reference miscount in sv_replace()
3571  
3572  (W internal) The internal sv_replace() function was handed a new SV with
3573  a reference count of other than 1.
3574  
3575  =item Reference to invalid group 0
3576  
3577  (F) You used C<\g0> or similar in a regular expression. You may refer to
3578  capturing parentheses only with strictly positive integers (normal
3579  backreferences) or with strictly negative integers (relative
3580  backreferences), but using 0 does not make sense.
3581  
3582  =item Reference to nonexistent group in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
3583  
3584  (F) You used something like C<\7> in your regular expression, but there are
3585  not at least seven sets of capturing parentheses in the expression. If you
3586  wanted to have the character with value 7 inserted into the regular expression,
3587  prepend a zero to make the number at least two digits: C<\07>
3588  
3589  The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was
3590  discovered.
3591  
3592  =item Reference to nonexistent or unclosed group in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
3593  
3594  (F) You used something like C<\g{-7}> in your regular expression, but there are
3595  not at least seven sets of closed capturing parentheses in the expression before
3596  where the C<\g{-7}> was located.
3597  
3598  The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was
3599  discovered.
3600  
3601  =item Reference to nonexistent named group in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
3602  
3603  (F) You used something like C<\k'NAME'> or C<< \k<NAME> >> in your regular
3604  expression, but there is no corresponding named capturing parentheses such
3605  as C<(?'NAME'...)> or C<(?<NAME>...). Check if the name has been spelled
3606  correctly both in the backreference and the declaration.
3607  
3608  The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was
3609  discovered.
3610  
3611  =item (?(DEFINE)....) does not allow branches in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
3612  
3613  (F) You used something like C<(?(DEFINE)...|..)> which is illegal. The
3614  most likely cause of this error is that you left out a parenthesis inside
3615  of the C<....> part.
3616  
3617  The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was
3618  discovered.
3619  
3620  =item regexp memory corruption
3621  
3622  (P) The regular expression engine got confused by what the regular
3623  expression compiler gave it.
3624  
3625  =item Regexp out of space
3626  
3627  (P) A "can't happen" error, because safemalloc() should have caught it
3628  earlier.
3629  
3630  =item Repeated format line will never terminate (~~ and @# incompatible)
3631  
3632  (F) Your format contains the ~~ repeat-until-blank sequence and a
3633  numeric field that will never go blank so that the repetition never
3634  terminates. You might use ^# instead.  See L<perlform>.
3635  
3636  =item Reversed %s= operator
3637  
3638  (W syntax) You wrote your assignment operator backwards.  The = must
3639  always comes last, to avoid ambiguity with subsequent unary operators.
3640  
3641  =item rewinddir() attempted on invalid dirhandle %s
3642  
3643  (W io) The dirhandle you tried to do a rewinddir() on is either closed or not
3644  really a dirhandle.  Check your control flow.
3645  
3646  =item Runaway format
3647  
3648  (F) Your format contained the ~~ repeat-until-blank sequence, but it
3649  produced 200 lines at once, and the 200th line looked exactly like the
3650  199th line.  Apparently you didn't arrange for the arguments to exhaust
3651  themselves, either by using ^ instead of @ (for scalar variables), or by
3652  shifting or popping (for array variables).  See L<perlform>.
3653  
3654  =item Scalars leaked: %d
3655  
3656  (P) Something went wrong in Perl's internal bookkeeping of scalars:
3657  not all scalar variables were deallocated by the time Perl exited.
3658  What this usually indicates is a memory leak, which is of course bad,
3659  especially if the Perl program is intended to be long-running.
3660  
3661  =item Scalar value @%s[%s] better written as $%s[%s]
3662  
3663  (W syntax) You've used an array slice (indicated by @) to select a
3664  single element of an array.  Generally it's better to ask for a scalar
3665  value (indicated by $).  The difference is that C<$foo[&bar]> always
3666  behaves like a scalar, both when assigning to it and when evaluating its
3667  argument, while C<@foo[&bar]> behaves like a list when you assign to it,
3668  and provides a list context to its subscript, which can do weird things
3669  if you're expecting only one subscript.
3670  
3671  On the other hand, if you were actually hoping to treat the array
3672  element as a list, you need to look into how references work, because
3673  Perl will not magically convert between scalars and lists for you.  See
3674  L<perlref>.
3675  
3676  =item Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}
3677  
3678  (W syntax) You've used a hash slice (indicated by @) to select a single
3679  element of a hash.  Generally it's better to ask for a scalar value
3680  (indicated by $).  The difference is that C<$foo{&bar}> always behaves
3681  like a scalar, both when assigning to it and when evaluating its
3682  argument, while C<@foo{&bar}> behaves like a list when you assign to it,
3683  and provides a list context to its subscript, which can do weird things
3684  if you're expecting only one subscript.
3685  
3686  On the other hand, if you were actually hoping to treat the hash element
3687  as a list, you need to look into how references work, because Perl will
3688  not magically convert between scalars and lists for you.  See
3689  L<perlref>.
3690  
3691  =item Script is not setuid/setgid in suidperl
3692  
3693  (F) Oddly, the suidperl program was invoked on a script without a setuid
3694  or setgid bit set.  This doesn't make much sense.
3695  
3696  =item Search pattern not terminated
3697  
3698  (F) The lexer couldn't find the final delimiter of a // or m{}
3699  construct.  Remember that bracketing delimiters count nesting level.
3700  Missing the leading C<$> from a variable C<$m> may cause this error.
3701  
3702  Note that since Perl 5.9.0 a // can also be the I<defined-or>
3703  construct, not just the empty search pattern.  Therefore code written
3704  in Perl 5.9.0 or later that uses the // as the I<defined-or> can be
3705  misparsed by pre-5.9.0 Perls as a non-terminated search pattern.
3706  
3707  =item Search pattern not terminated or ternary operator parsed as search pattern
3708  
3709  (F) The lexer couldn't find the final delimiter of a C<?PATTERN?>
3710  construct.
3711  
3712  The question mark is also used as part of the ternary operator (as in
3713  C<foo ? 0 : 1>) leading to some ambiguous constructions being wrongly
3714  parsed. One way to disambiguate the parsing is to put parentheses around
3715  the conditional expression, i.e. C<(foo) ? 0 : 1>.
3716  
3717  =item %sseek() on unopened filehandle
3718  
3719  (W unopened) You tried to use the seek() or sysseek() function on a
3720  filehandle that was either never opened or has since been closed.
3721  
3722  =item seekdir() attempted on invalid dirhandle %s
3723  
3724  (W io) The dirhandle you are doing a seekdir() on is either closed or not
3725  really a dirhandle.  Check your control flow.
3726  
3727  =item select not implemented
3728  
3729  (F) This machine doesn't implement the select() system call.
3730  
3731  =item Self-ties of arrays and hashes are not supported
3732  
3733  (F) Self-ties are of arrays and hashes are not supported in
3734  the current implementation.
3735  
3736  =item Semicolon seems to be missing
3737  
3738  (W semicolon) A nearby syntax error was probably caused by a missing
3739  semicolon, or possibly some other missing operator, such as a comma.
3740  
3741  =item semi-panic: attempt to dup freed string
3742  
3743  (S internal) The internal newSVsv() routine was called to duplicate a
3744  scalar that had previously been marked as free.
3745  
3746  =item sem%s not implemented
3747  
3748  (F) You don't have System V semaphore IPC on your system.
3749  
3750  =item send() on closed socket %s
3751  
3752  (W closed) The socket you're sending to got itself closed sometime
3753  before now.  Check your control flow.
3754  
3755  =item Sequence (? incomplete in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
3756  
3757  (F) A regular expression ended with an incomplete extension (?. The <-- HERE
3758  shows in the regular expression about where the problem was discovered. See
3759  L<perlre>.
3760  
3761  =item Sequence (?%s...) not implemented in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
3762  
3763  (F) A proposed regular expression extension has the character reserved but
3764  has not yet been written. The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about
3765  where the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>.
3766  
3767  =item Sequence (?%s...) not recognized in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
3768  
3769  (F) You used a regular expression extension that doesn't make sense.  The
3770  <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was
3771  discovered.  See L<perlre>.
3772  
3773  =item Sequence \\%s... not terminated in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
3774  
3775  (F) The regular expression expects a mandatory argument following the escape
3776  sequence and this has been omitted or incorrectly written.
3777  
3778  =item Sequence (?#... not terminated in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
3779  
3780  (F) A regular expression comment must be terminated by a closing
3781  parenthesis.  Embedded parentheses aren't allowed.  The <-- HERE shows in
3782  the regular expression about where the problem was discovered. See
3783  L<perlre>.
3784  
3785  =item Sequence (?{...}) not terminated or not {}-balanced in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
3786  
3787  (F) If the contents of a (?{...}) clause contains braces, they must balance
3788  for Perl to properly detect the end of the clause. The <-- HERE shows in
3789  the regular expression about where the problem was discovered. See
3790  L<perlre>.
3791  
3792  =item 500 Server error
3793  
3794  See Server error.
3795  
3796  =item Server error
3797  
3798  This is the error message generally seen in a browser window when trying
3799  to run a CGI program (including SSI) over the web. The actual error text
3800  varies widely from server to server. The most frequently-seen variants
3801  are "500 Server error", "Method (something) not permitted", "Document
3802  contains no data", "Premature end of script headers", and "Did not
3803  produce a valid header".
3804  
3805  B<This is a CGI error, not a Perl error>.
3806  
3807  You need to make sure your script is executable, is accessible by the
3808  user CGI is running the script under (which is probably not the user
3809  account you tested it under), does not rely on any environment variables
3810  (like PATH) from the user it isn't running under, and isn't in a
3811  location where the CGI server can't find it, basically, more or less.
3812  Please see the following for more information:
3813  
3814      http://www.perl.org/CGI_MetaFAQ.html
3815      http://www.htmlhelp.org/faq/cgifaq.html
3816      http://www.w3.org/Security/Faq/
3817  
3818  You should also look at L<perlfaq9>.
3819  
3820  =item setegid() not implemented
3821  
3822  (F) You tried to assign to C<$)>, and your operating system doesn't
3823  support the setegid() system call (or equivalent), or at least Configure
3824  didn't think so.
3825  
3826  =item seteuid() not implemented
3827  
3828  (F) You tried to assign to C<< $> >>, and your operating system doesn't
3829  support the seteuid() system call (or equivalent), or at least Configure
3830  didn't think so.
3831  
3832  =item setpgrp can't take arguments
3833  
3834  (F) Your system has the setpgrp() from BSD 4.2, which takes no
3835  arguments, unlike POSIX setpgid(), which takes a process ID and process
3836  group ID.
3837  
3838  =item setrgid() not implemented
3839  
3840  (F) You tried to assign to C<$(>, and your operating system doesn't
3841  support the setrgid() system call (or equivalent), or at least Configure
3842  didn't think so.
3843  
3844  =item setruid() not implemented
3845  
3846  (F) You tried to assign to C<$<>, and your operating system doesn't
3847  support the setruid() system call (or equivalent), or at least Configure
3848  didn't think so.
3849  
3850  =item setsockopt() on closed socket %s
3851  
3852  (W closed) You tried to set a socket option on a closed socket.  Did you
3853  forget to check the return value of your socket() call?  See
3854  L<perlfunc/setsockopt>.
3855  
3856  =item Setuid/gid script is writable by world
3857  
3858  (F) The setuid emulator won't run a script that is writable by the
3859  world, because the world might have written on it already.
3860  
3861  =item Setuid script not plain file
3862  
3863  (F) The setuid emulator won't run a script that isn't read from a file,
3864  but from a socket, a pipe or another device.
3865  
3866  =item shm%s not implemented
3867  
3868  (F) You don't have System V shared memory IPC on your system.
3869  
3870  =item !=~ should be !~
3871  
3872  (W syntax) The non-matching operator is !~, not !=~.  !=~ will be
3873  interpreted as the != (numeric not equal) and ~ (1's complement)
3874  operators: probably not what you intended.
3875  
3876  =item <> should be quotes
3877  
3878  (F) You wrote C<< require <file> >> when you should have written
3879  C<require 'file'>.
3880  
3881  =item /%s/ should probably be written as "%s"
3882  
3883  (W syntax) You have used a pattern where Perl expected to find a string,
3884  as in the first argument to C<join>.  Perl will treat the true or false
3885  result of matching the pattern against $_ as the string, which is
3886  probably not what you had in mind.
3887  
3888  =item shutdown() on closed socket %s
3889  
3890  (W closed) You tried to do a shutdown on a closed socket.  Seems a bit
3891  superfluous.
3892  
3893  =item SIG%s handler "%s" not defined
3894  
3895  (W signal) The signal handler named in %SIG doesn't, in fact, exist.
3896  Perhaps you put it into the wrong package?
3897  
3898  =item sort is now a reserved word
3899  
3900  (F) An ancient error message that almost nobody ever runs into anymore.
3901  But before sort was a keyword, people sometimes used it as a filehandle.
3902  
3903  =item Sort subroutine didn't return a numeric value
3904  
3905  (F) A sort comparison routine must return a number.  You probably blew
3906  it by not using C<< <=> >> or C<cmp>, or by not using them correctly.
3907  See L<perlfunc/sort>.
3908  
3909  =item Sort subroutine didn't return single value
3910  
3911  (F) A sort comparison subroutine may not return a list value with more
3912  or less than one element.  See L<perlfunc/sort>.
3913  
3914  =item splice() offset past end of array
3915  
3916  (W misc) You attempted to specify an offset that was past the end of
3917  the array passed to splice(). Splicing will instead commence at the end
3918  of the array, rather than past it. If this isn't what you want, try
3919  explicitly pre-extending the array by assigning $#array = $offset. See
3920  L<perlfunc/splice>.
3921  
3922  =item Split loop
3923  
3924  (P) The split was looping infinitely.  (Obviously, a split shouldn't
3925  iterate more times than there are characters of input, which is what
3926  happened.) See L<perlfunc/split>.
3927  
3928  =item Statement unlikely to be reached
3929  
3930  (W exec) You did an exec() with some statement after it other than a
3931  die().  This is almost always an error, because exec() never returns
3932  unless there was a failure.  You probably wanted to use system()
3933  instead, which does return.  To suppress this warning, put the exec() in
3934  a block by itself.
3935  
3936  =item stat() on unopened filehandle %s
3937  
3938  (W unopened) You tried to use the stat() function on a filehandle that
3939  was either never opened or has since been closed.
3940  
3941  =item Stub found while resolving method "%s" overloading "%s"
3942  
3943  (P) Overloading resolution over @ISA tree may be broken by importation
3944  stubs.  Stubs should never be implicitly created, but explicit calls to
3945  C<can> may break this.
3946  
3947  =item Subroutine %s redefined
3948  
3949  (W redefine) You redefined a subroutine.  To suppress this warning, say
3950  
3951      {
3952      no warnings 'redefine';
3953      eval "sub name { ... }";
3954      }
3955  
3956  =item Substitution loop
3957  
3958  (P) The substitution was looping infinitely.  (Obviously, a substitution
3959  shouldn't iterate more times than there are characters of input, which
3960  is what happened.)  See the discussion of substitution in
3961  L<perlop/"Regexp Quote-Like Operators">.
3962  
3963  =item Substitution pattern not terminated
3964  
3965  (F) The lexer couldn't find the interior delimiter of an s/// or s{}{}
3966  construct.  Remember that bracketing delimiters count nesting level.
3967  Missing the leading C<$> from variable C<$s> may cause this error.
3968  
3969  =item Substitution replacement not terminated
3970  
3971  (F) The lexer couldn't find the final delimiter of an s/// or s{}{}
3972  construct.  Remember that bracketing delimiters count nesting level.
3973  Missing the leading C<$> from variable C<$s> may cause this error.
3974  
3975  =item substr outside of string
3976  
3977  (W substr),(F) You tried to reference a substr() that pointed outside of
3978  a string.  That is, the absolute value of the offset was larger than the
3979  length of the string.  See L<perlfunc/substr>.  This warning is fatal if
3980  substr is used in an lvalue context (as the left hand side of an
3981  assignment or as a subroutine argument for example).
3982  
3983  =item suidperl is no longer needed since %s
3984  
3985  (F) Your Perl was compiled with B<-D>SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW, but
3986  a version of the setuid emulator somehow got run anyway.
3987  
3988  =item sv_upgrade from type %d down to type %d
3989  
3990  (P) Perl tried to force the upgrade an SV to a type which was actually
3991  inferior to its current type.
3992  
3993  =item Switch (?(condition)... contains too many branches in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
3994  
3995  (F) A (?(condition)if-clause|else-clause) construct can have at most two
3996  branches (the if-clause and the else-clause). If you want one or both to
3997  contain alternation, such as using C<this|that|other>, enclose it in
3998  clustering parentheses:
3999  
4000      (?(condition)(?:this|that|other)|else-clause)
4001  
4002  The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was
4003  discovered. See L<perlre>.
4004  
4005  =item Switch condition not recognized in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
4006  
4007  (F) If the argument to the (?(...)if-clause|else-clause) construct is a
4008  number, it can be only a number. The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression
4009  about where the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>.
4010  
4011  =item switching effective %s is not implemented
4012  
4013  (F) While under the C<use filetest> pragma, we cannot switch the real
4014  and effective uids or gids.
4015  
4016  =item %s syntax
4017  
4018  (F) The final summary message when a C<perl -c> succeeds.
4019  
4020  =item syntax error
4021  
4022  (F) Probably means you had a syntax error.  Common reasons include:
4023  
4024      A keyword is misspelled.
4025      A semicolon is missing.
4026      A comma is missing.
4027      An opening or closing parenthesis is missing.
4028      An opening or closing brace is missing.
4029      A closing quote is missing.
4030  
4031  Often there will be another error message associated with the syntax
4032  error giving more information.  (Sometimes it helps to turn on B<-w>.)
4033  The error message itself often tells you where it was in the line when
4034  it decided to give up.  Sometimes the actual error is several tokens
4035  before this, because Perl is good at understanding random input.
4036  Occasionally the line number may be misleading, and once in a blue moon
4037  the only way to figure out what's triggering the error is to call
4038  C<perl -c> repeatedly, chopping away half the program each time to see
4039  if the error went away.  Sort of the cybernetic version of S<20
4040  questions>.
4041  
4042  =item syntax error at line %d: `%s' unexpected
4043  
4044  (A) You've accidentally run your script through the Bourne shell instead
4045  of Perl.  Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into Perl
4046  yourself.
4047  
4048  =item syntax error in file %s at line %d, next 2 tokens "%s"
4049  
4050  (F) This error is likely to occur if you run a perl5 script through
4051  a perl4 interpreter, especially if the next 2 tokens are "use strict"
4052  or "my $var" or "our $var".
4053  
4054  =item sysread() on closed filehandle %s
4055  
4056  (W closed) You tried to read from a closed filehandle.
4057  
4058  =item sysread() on unopened filehandle %s
4059  
4060  (W unopened) You tried to read from a filehandle that was never opened.
4061  
4062  =item System V %s is not implemented on this machine
4063  
4064  (F) You tried to do something with a function beginning with "sem",
4065  "shm", or "msg" but that System V IPC is not implemented in your
4066  machine.  In some machines the functionality can exist but be
4067  unconfigured.  Consult your system support.
4068  
4069  =item syswrite() on closed filehandle %s
4070  
4071  (W closed) The filehandle you're writing to got itself closed sometime
4072  before now.  Check your control flow.
4073  
4074  =item C<-T> and C<-B> not implemented on filehandles
4075  
4076  (F) Perl can't peek at the stdio buffer of filehandles when it doesn't
4077  know about your kind of stdio.  You'll have to use a filename instead.
4078  
4079  =item Target of goto is too deeply nested
4080  
4081  (F) You tried to use C<goto> to reach a label that was too deeply nested
4082  for Perl to reach.  Perl is doing you a favor by refusing.
4083  
4084  =item tell() on unopened filehandle
4085  
4086  (W unopened) You tried to use the tell() function on a filehandle that
4087  was either never opened or has since been closed.
4088  
4089  =item telldir() attempted on invalid dirhandle %s
4090  
4091  (W io) The dirhandle you tried to telldir() is either closed or not really
4092  a dirhandle.  Check your control flow.
4093  
4094  =item That use of $[ is unsupported
4095  
4096  (F) Assignment to C<$[> is now strictly circumscribed, and interpreted
4097  as a compiler directive.  You may say only one of
4098  
4099      $[ = 0;
4100      $[ = 1;
4101      ...
4102      local $[ = 0;
4103      local $[ = 1;
4104      ...
4105  
4106  This is to prevent the problem of one module changing the array base out
4107  from under another module inadvertently.  See L<perlvar/$[>.
4108  
4109  =item The crypt() function is unimplemented due to excessive paranoia
4110  
4111  (F) Configure couldn't find the crypt() function on your machine,
4112  probably because your vendor didn't supply it, probably because they
4113  think the U.S. Government thinks it's a secret, or at least that they
4114  will continue to pretend that it is.  And if you quote me on that, I
4115  will deny it.
4116  
4117  =item The %s function is unimplemented
4118  
4119  The function indicated isn't implemented on this architecture, according
4120  to the probings of Configure.
4121  
4122  =item The stat preceding %s wasn't an lstat
4123  
4124  (F) It makes no sense to test the current stat buffer for symbolic
4125  linkhood if the last stat that wrote to the stat buffer already went
4126  past the symlink to get to the real file.  Use an actual filename
4127  instead.
4128  
4129  =item The 'unique' attribute may only be applied to 'our' variables
4130  
4131  (F) This attribute was never supported on C<my> or C<sub> declarations.
4132  
4133  =item This Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s)
4134  
4135  =item This Perl can't set CRTL environ elements (%s=%s)
4136  
4137  (W internal) Warnings peculiar to VMS.  You tried to change or delete an
4138  element of the CRTL's internal environ array, but your copy of Perl
4139  wasn't built with a CRTL that contained the setenv() function.  You'll
4140  need to rebuild Perl with a CRTL that does, or redefine
4141  F<PERL_ENV_TABLES> (see L<perlvms>) so that the environ array isn't the
4142  target of the change to
4143  %ENV which produced the warning.
4144  
4145  =item thread failed to start: %s
4146  
4147  (W threads)(S) The entry point function of threads->create() failed for some reason.
4148  
4149  =item times not implemented
4150  
4151  (F) Your version of the C library apparently doesn't do times().  I
4152  suspect you're not running on Unix.
4153  
4154  =item "-T" is on the #! line, it must also be used on the command line
4155  
4156  (X) The #! line (or local equivalent) in a Perl script contains the
4157  B<-T> option, but Perl was not invoked with B<-T> in its command line.
4158  This is an error because, by the time Perl discovers a B<-T> in a
4159  script, it's too late to properly taint everything from the environment.
4160  So Perl gives up.
4161  
4162  If the Perl script is being executed as a command using the #!
4163  mechanism (or its local equivalent), this error can usually be fixed by
4164  editing the #! line so that the B<-T> option is a part of Perl's first
4165  argument: e.g. change C<perl -n -T> to C<perl -T -n>.
4166  
4167  If the Perl script is being executed as C<perl scriptname>, then the
4168  B<-T> option must appear on the command line: C<perl -T scriptname>.
4169  
4170  =item To%s: illegal mapping '%s'
4171  
4172  (F) You tried to define a customized To-mapping for lc(), lcfirst,
4173  uc(), or ucfirst() (or their string-inlined versions), but you
4174  specified an illegal mapping.
4175  See L<perlunicode/"User-Defined Character Properties">.
4176  
4177  =item Too deeply nested ()-groups
4178  
4179  (F) Your template contains ()-groups with a ridiculously deep nesting level.
4180  
4181  =item Too few args to syscall
4182  
4183  (F) There has to be at least one argument to syscall() to specify the
4184  system call to call, silly dilly.
4185  
4186  =item Too late for "-%s" option
4187  
4188  (X) The #! line (or local equivalent) in a Perl script contains the
4189  B<-M>, B<-m> or B<-C> option.  This is an error because those options
4190  are not intended for use inside scripts.  Use the C<use> pragma instead.
4191  
4192  =item Too late to run %s block
4193  
4194  (W void) A CHECK or INIT block is being defined during run time proper,
4195  when the opportunity to run them has already passed.  Perhaps you are
4196  loading a file with C<require> or C<do> when you should be using C<use>
4197  instead.  Or perhaps you should put the C<require> or C<do> inside a
4198  BEGIN block.
4199  
4200  =item Too many args to syscall
4201  
4202  (F) Perl supports a maximum of only 14 args to syscall().
4203  
4204  =item Too many arguments for %s
4205  
4206  (F) The function requires fewer arguments than you specified.
4207  
4208  =item Too many )'s
4209  
4210  (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead of Perl.
4211  Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into Perl yourself.
4212  
4213  =item Too many ('s
4214  
4215  (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead of Perl.
4216  Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into Perl yourself.
4217  
4218  =item Trailing \ in regex m/%s/
4219  
4220  (F) The regular expression ends with an unbackslashed backslash.
4221  Backslash it.   See L<perlre>.
4222  
4223  =item Transliteration pattern not terminated
4224  
4225  (F) The lexer couldn't find the interior delimiter of a tr/// or tr[][]
4226  or y/// or y[][] construct.  Missing the leading C<$> from variables
4227  C<$tr> or C<$y> may cause this error.
4228  
4229  =item Transliteration replacement not terminated
4230  
4231  (F) The lexer couldn't find the final delimiter of a tr///, tr[][],
4232  y/// or y[][] construct.
4233  
4234  =item '%s' trapped by operation mask
4235  
4236  (F) You tried to use an operator from a Safe compartment in which it's
4237  disallowed. See L<Safe>.
4238  
4239  =item truncate not implemented
4240  
4241  (F) Your machine doesn't implement a file truncation mechanism that
4242  Configure knows about.
4243  
4244  =item Type of arg %d to %s must be %s (not %s)
4245  
4246  (F) This function requires the argument in that position to be of a
4247  certain type.  Arrays must be @NAME or C<@{EXPR}>.  Hashes must be
4248  %NAME or C<%{EXPR}>.  No implicit dereferencing is allowed--use the
4249  {EXPR} forms as an explicit dereference.  See L<perlref>.
4250  
4251  =item umask not implemented
4252  
4253  (F) Your machine doesn't implement the umask function and you tried to
4254  use it to restrict permissions for yourself (EXPR & 0700).
4255  
4256  =item Unable to create sub named "%s"
4257  
4258  (F) You attempted to create or access a subroutine with an illegal name.
4259  
4260  =item Unbalanced context: %d more PUSHes than POPs
4261  
4262  (W internal) The exit code detected an internal inconsistency in how
4263  many execution contexts were entered and left.
4264  
4265  =item Unbalanced saves: %d more saves than restores
4266  
4267  (W internal) The exit code detected an internal inconsistency in how
4268  many values were temporarily localized.
4269  
4270  =item Unbalanced scopes: %d more ENTERs than LEAVEs
4271  
4272  (W internal) The exit code detected an internal inconsistency in how
4273  many blocks were entered and left.
4274  
4275  =item Unbalanced tmps: %d more allocs than frees
4276  
4277  (W internal) The exit code detected an internal inconsistency in how
4278  many mortal scalars were allocated and freed.
4279  
4280  =item Undefined format "%s" called
4281  
4282  (F) The format indicated doesn't seem to exist.  Perhaps it's really in
4283  another package?  See L<perlform>.
4284  
4285  =item Undefined sort subroutine "%s" called
4286  
4287  (F) The sort comparison routine specified doesn't seem to exist.
4288  Perhaps it's in a different package?  See L<perlfunc/sort>.
4289  
4290  =item Undefined subroutine &%s called
4291  
4292  (F) The subroutine indicated hasn't been defined, or if it was, it has
4293  since been undefined.
4294  
4295  =item Undefined subroutine called
4296  
4297  (F) The anonymous subroutine you're trying to call hasn't been defined,
4298  or if it was, it has since been undefined.
4299  
4300  =item Undefined subroutine in sort
4301  
4302  (F) The sort comparison routine specified is declared but doesn't seem
4303  to have been defined yet.  See L<perlfunc/sort>.
4304  
4305  =item Undefined top format "%s" called
4306  
4307  (F) The format indicated doesn't seem to exist.  Perhaps it's really in
4308  another package?  See L<perlform>.
4309  
4310  =item Undefined value assigned to typeglob
4311  
4312  (W misc) An undefined value was assigned to a typeglob, a la
4313  C<*foo = undef>.  This does nothing.  It's possible that you really mean
4314  C<undef *foo>.
4315  
4316  =item %s: Undefined variable
4317  
4318  (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead of Perl.
4319  Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into Perl yourself.
4320  
4321  =item unexec of %s into %s failed!
4322  
4323  (F) The unexec() routine failed for some reason.  See your local FSF
4324  representative, who probably put it there in the first place.
4325  
4326  =item Unicode character %s is illegal
4327  
4328  (W utf8) Certain Unicode characters have been designated off-limits by
4329  the Unicode standard and should not be generated.  If you really know
4330  what you are doing you can turn off this warning by C<no warnings 'utf8';>.
4331  
4332  =item Unknown BYTEORDER
4333  
4334  (F) There are no byte-swapping functions for a machine with this byte
4335  order.
4336  
4337  =item Unknown open() mode '%s'
4338  
4339  (F) The second argument of 3-argument open() is not among the list
4340  of valid modes: C<< < >>, C<< > >>, C<<< >> >>>, C<< +< >>,
4341  C<< +> >>, C<<< +>> >>>, C<-|>, C<|->, C<< <& >>, C<< >& >>.
4342  
4343  =item Unknown PerlIO layer "%s"
4344  
4345  (W layer) An attempt was made to push an unknown layer onto the Perl I/O
4346  system.  (Layers take care of transforming data between external and
4347  internal representations.)  Note that some layers, such as C<mmap>,
4348  are not supported in all environments.  If your program didn't
4349  explicitly request the failing operation, it may be the result of the
4350  value of the environment variable PERLIO.
4351  
4352  =item Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s
4353  
4354  (P) An error peculiar to VMS.  Perl was reading values for %ENV before
4355  iterating over it, and someone else stuck a message in the stream of
4356  data Perl expected.  Someone's very confused, or perhaps trying to
4357  subvert Perl's population of %ENV for nefarious purposes.
4358  
4359  =item Unknown "re" subpragma '%s' (known ones are: %s)
4360  
4361  You tried to use an unknown subpragma of the "re" pragma.
4362  
4363  =item Unknown switch condition (?(%.2s in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
4364  
4365  (F) The condition part of a (?(condition)if-clause|else-clause) construct
4366  is not known. The condition may be lookahead or lookbehind (the condition
4367  is true if the lookahead or lookbehind is true), a (?{...})  construct (the
4368  condition is true if the code evaluates to a true value), or a number (the
4369  condition is true if the set of capturing parentheses named by the number
4370  matched).
4371  
4372  The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was
4373  discovered.  See L<perlre>.
4374  
4375  =item Unknown Unicode option letter '%c'
4376  
4377  You specified an unknown Unicode option.  See L<perlrun> documentation
4378  of the C<-C> switch for the list of known options.
4379  
4380  =item Unknown Unicode option value %x
4381  
4382  You specified an unknown Unicode option.  See L<perlrun> documentation
4383  of the C<-C> switch for the list of known options.
4384  
4385  =item Unknown warnings category '%s'
4386  
4387  (F) An error issued by the C<warnings> pragma. You specified a warnings
4388  category that is unknown to perl at this point.
4389  
4390  Note that if you want to enable a warnings category registered by a module
4391  (e.g. C<use warnings 'File::Find'>), you must have imported this module
4392  
4393  =item Unknown verb pattern '%s' in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
4394  
4395  (F) You either made a typo or have incorrectly put a C<*> quantifier
4396  after an open brace in your pattern.  Check the pattern and review
4397  L<perlre> for details on legal verb patterns.
4398  
4399  first.
4400  
4401  =item unmatched [ in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
4402  
4403  (F) The brackets around a character class must match. If you wish to
4404  include a closing bracket in a character class, backslash it or put it
4405  first. The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem
4406  was discovered. See L<perlre>.
4407  
4408  =item unmatched ( in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
4409  
4410  (F) Unbackslashed parentheses must always be balanced in regular
4411  expressions. If you're a vi user, the % key is valuable for finding the
4412  matching parenthesis. The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about
4413  where the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>.
4414  
4415  =item Unmatched right %s bracket
4416  
4417  (F) The lexer counted more closing curly or square brackets than opening
4418  ones, so you're probably missing a matching opening bracket.  As a
4419  general rule, you'll find the missing one (so to speak) near the place
4420  you were last editing.
4421  
4422  =item Unquoted string "%s" may clash with future reserved word
4423  
4424  (W reserved) You used a bareword that might someday be claimed as a
4425  reserved word.  It's best to put such a word in quotes, or capitalize it
4426  somehow, or insert an underbar into it.  You might also declare it as a
4427  subroutine.
4428  
4429  =item Unrecognized character %s in column %d
4430  
4431  (F) The Perl parser has no idea what to do with the specified character
4432  in your Perl script (or eval) at the specified column.  Perhaps you tried 
4433  to run a compressed script, a binary program, or a directory as a Perl program.
4434  
4435  =item Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class passed through in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
4436  
4437  (W regexp) You used a backslash-character combination which is not
4438  recognized by Perl inside character classes.  The character was
4439  understood literally.
4440  The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the
4441  escape was discovered.
4442  
4443  =item Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through
4444  
4445  (W misc) You used a backslash-character combination which is not
4446  recognized by Perl.  The character was understood literally.
4447  
4448  =item Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
4449  
4450  (W regexp) You used a backslash-character combination which is not
4451  recognized by Perl.  The character was understood literally.
4452  The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the
4453  escape was discovered.
4454  
4455  =item Unrecognized signal name "%s"
4456  
4457  (F) You specified a signal name to the kill() function that was not
4458  recognized.  Say C<kill -l> in your shell to see the valid signal names
4459  on your system.
4460  
4461  =item Unrecognized switch: -%s  (-h will show valid options)
4462  
4463  (F) You specified an illegal option to Perl.  Don't do that.  (If you
4464  think you didn't do that, check the #! line to see if it's supplying the
4465  bad switch on your behalf.)
4466  
4467  =item Unsuccessful %s on filename containing newline
4468  
4469  (W newline) A file operation was attempted on a filename, and that
4470  operation failed, PROBABLY because the filename contained a newline,
4471  PROBABLY because you forgot to chomp() it off.  See L<perlfunc/chomp>.
4472  
4473  =item Unsupported directory function "%s" called
4474  
4475  (F) Your machine doesn't support opendir() and readdir().
4476  
4477  =item Unsupported function %s
4478  
4479  (F) This machine doesn't implement the indicated function, apparently.
4480  At least, Configure doesn't think so.
4481  
4482  =item Unsupported function fork
4483  
4484  (F) Your version of executable does not support forking.
4485  
4486  Note that under some systems, like OS/2, there may be different flavors
4487  of Perl executables, some of which may support fork, some not. Try
4488  changing the name you call Perl by to C<perl_>, C<perl__>, and so on.
4489  
4490  =item Unsupported script encoding %s
4491  
4492  (F) Your program file begins with a Unicode Byte Order Mark (BOM) which
4493  declares it to be in a Unicode encoding that Perl cannot read.
4494  
4495  =item Unsupported socket function "%s" called
4496  
4497  (F) Your machine doesn't support the Berkeley socket mechanism, or at
4498  least that's what Configure thought.
4499  
4500  =item Unterminated attribute list
4501  
4502  (F) The lexer found something other than a simple identifier at the
4503  start of an attribute, and it wasn't a semicolon or the start of a
4504  block.  Perhaps you terminated the parameter list of the previous
4505  attribute too soon.  See L<attributes>.
4506  
4507  =item Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute list
4508  
4509  (F) The lexer saw an opening (left) parenthesis character while parsing
4510  an attribute list, but the matching closing (right) parenthesis
4511  character was not found.  You may need to add (or remove) a backslash
4512  character to get your parentheses to balance.  See L<attributes>.
4513  
4514  =item Unterminated compressed integer
4515  
4516  (F) An argument to unpack("w",...) was incompatible with the BER
4517  compressed integer format and could not be converted to an integer.
4518  See L<perlfunc/pack>.
4519  
4520  =item Unterminated verb pattern in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
4521  
4522  (F) You used a pattern of the form C<(*VERB)> but did not terminate
4523  the pattern with a C<)>. Fix the pattern and retry.
4524  
4525  =item Unterminated verb pattern argument in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
4526  
4527  (F) You used a pattern of the form C<(*VERB:ARG)> but did not terminate
4528  the pattern with a C<)>. Fix the pattern and retry.
4529  
4530  =item Unterminated \g{...} pattern in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
4531  
4532  (F) You missed a close brace on a \g{..} pattern (group reference) in
4533  a regular expression. Fix the pattern and retry.
4534  
4535  =item Unterminated <> operator
4536  
4537  (F) The lexer saw a left angle bracket in a place where it was expecting
4538  a term, so it's looking for the corresponding right angle bracket, and
4539  not finding it.  Chances are you left some needed parentheses out
4540  earlier in the line, and you really meant a "less than".
4541  
4542  =item untie attempted while %d inner references still exist
4543  
4544  (W untie) A copy of the object returned from C<tie> (or C<tied>) was
4545  still valid when C<untie> was called.
4546  
4547  =item Usage: POSIX::%s(%s)
4548  
4549  (F) You called a POSIX function with incorrect arguments.
4550  See L<POSIX/FUNCTIONS> for more information.
4551  
4552  =item Usage: Win32::%s(%s)
4553  
4554  (F) You called a Win32 function with incorrect arguments.
4555  See L<Win32> for more information.
4556  
4557  =item Useless (?-%s) - don't use /%s modifier in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
4558  
4559  (W regexp) You have used an internal modifier such as (?-o) that has no
4560  meaning unless removed from the entire regexp:
4561  
4562      if ($string =~ /(?-o)$pattern/o) { ... }
4563  
4564  must be written as
4565  
4566      if ($string =~ /$pattern/) { ... }
4567  
4568  The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about
4569  where the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>.
4570  
4571  =item Useless localization of %s
4572  
4573  (W syntax) The localization of lvalues such as C<local($x=10)> is
4574  legal, but in fact the local() currently has no effect. This may change at
4575  some point in the future, but in the meantime such code is discouraged.
4576  
4577  =item Useless (?%s) - use /%s modifier in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
4578  
4579  (W regexp) You have used an internal modifier such as (?o) that has no
4580  meaning unless applied to the entire regexp:
4581  
4582      if ($string =~ /(?o)$pattern/) { ... }
4583  
4584  must be written as
4585  
4586      if ($string =~ /$pattern/o) { ... }
4587  
4588  The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about
4589  where the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>.
4590  
4591  =item Useless use of %s in void context
4592  
4593  (W void) You did something without a side effect in a context that does
4594  nothing with the return value, such as a statement that doesn't return a
4595  value from a block, or the left side of a scalar comma operator.  Very
4596  often this points not to stupidity on your part, but a failure of Perl
4597  to parse your program the way you thought it would.  For example, you'd
4598  get this if you mixed up your C precedence with Python precedence and
4599  said
4600  
4601      $one, $two = 1, 2;
4602  
4603  when you meant to say
4604  
4605      ($one, $two) = (1, 2);
4606  
4607  Another common error is to use ordinary parentheses to construct a list
4608  reference when you should be using square or curly brackets, for
4609  example, if you say
4610  
4611      $array = (1,2);
4612  
4613  when you should have said
4614  
4615      $array = [1,2];
4616  
4617  The square brackets explicitly turn a list value into a scalar value,
4618  while parentheses do not.  So when a parenthesized list is evaluated in
4619  a scalar context, the comma is treated like C's comma operator, which
4620  throws away the left argument, which is not what you want.  See
4621  L<perlref> for more on this.
4622  
4623  This warning will not be issued for numerical constants equal to 0 or 1
4624  since they are often used in statements like
4625  
4626      1 while sub_with_side_effects();
4627  
4628  String constants that would normally evaluate to 0 or 1 are warned
4629  about.
4630  
4631  =item Useless use of "re" pragma
4632  
4633  (W) You did C<use re;> without any arguments.   That isn't very useful.
4634  
4635  =item Useless use of sort in scalar context
4636  
4637  (W void) You used sort in scalar context, as in :
4638  
4639      my $x = sort @y;
4640  
4641  This is not very useful, and perl currently optimizes this away.
4642  
4643  =item Useless use of %s with no values
4644  
4645  (W syntax) You used the push() or unshift() function with no arguments
4646  apart from the array, like C<push(@x)> or C<unshift(@foo)>. That won't
4647  usually have any effect on the array, so is completely useless. It's
4648  possible in principle that push(@tied_array) could have some effect
4649  if the array is tied to a class which implements a PUSH method. If so,
4650  you can write it as C<push(@tied_array,())> to avoid this warning.
4651  
4652  =item "use" not allowed in expression
4653  
4654  (F) The "use" keyword is recognized and executed at compile time, and
4655  returns no useful value.  See L<perlmod>.
4656  
4657  =item Use of bare << to mean <<"" is deprecated
4658  
4659  (D deprecated) You are now encouraged to use the explicitly quoted form
4660  if you wish to use an empty line as the terminator of the here-document.
4661  
4662  =item Use of chdir('') or chdir(undef) as chdir() deprecated
4663  
4664  (D deprecated) chdir() with no arguments is documented to change to
4665  $ENV{HOME} or $ENV{LOGDIR}.  chdir(undef) and chdir('') share this
4666  behavior, but that has been deprecated.  In future versions they
4667  will simply fail.
4668  
4669  Be careful to check that what you pass to chdir() is defined and not
4670  blank, else you might find yourself in your home directory.
4671  
4672  =item Use of /c modifier is meaningless in s///
4673  
4674  (W regexp) You used the /c modifier in a substitution.  The /c
4675  modifier is not presently meaningful in substitutions.
4676  
4677  =item Use of /c modifier is meaningless without /g
4678  
4679  (W regexp) You used the /c modifier with a regex operand, but didn't
4680  use the /g modifier.  Currently, /c is meaningful only when /g is
4681  used.  (This may change in the future.)
4682  
4683  =item Use of freed value in iteration
4684  
4685  (F) Perhaps you modified the iterated array within the loop?
4686  This error is typically caused by code like the following:
4687  
4688      @a = (3,4);
4689      @a = () for (1,2,@a);
4690  
4691  You are not supposed to modify arrays while they are being iterated over.
4692  For speed and efficiency reasons, Perl internally does not do full
4693  reference-counting of iterated items, hence deleting such an item in the
4694  middle of an iteration causes Perl to see a freed value.
4695  
4696  =item Use of *glob{FILEHANDLE} is deprecated
4697  
4698  (D deprecated) You are now encouraged to use the shorter *glob{IO} form
4699  to access the filehandle slot within a typeglob.
4700  
4701  =item Use of /g modifier is meaningless in split
4702  
4703  (W regexp) You used the /g modifier on the pattern for a C<split>
4704  operator.  Since C<split> always tries to match the pattern
4705  repeatedly, the C</g> has no effect.
4706  
4707  =item Use of implicit split to @_ is deprecated
4708  
4709  (D deprecated) It makes a lot of work for the compiler when you clobber
4710  a subroutine's argument list, so it's better if you assign the results
4711  of a split() explicitly to an array (or list).
4712  
4713  =item Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %s() is deprecated
4714  
4715  (D deprecated) As an (ahem) accidental feature, C<AUTOLOAD> subroutines
4716  are looked up as methods (using the C<@ISA> hierarchy) even when the
4717  subroutines to be autoloaded were called as plain functions (e.g.
4718  C<Foo::bar()>), not as methods (e.g. C<< Foo->bar() >> or C<<
4719  $obj->bar() >>).
4720  
4721  This bug will be rectified in future by using method lookup only for
4722  methods' C<AUTOLOAD>s.  However, there is a significant base of existing
4723  code that may be using the old behavior.  So, as an interim step, Perl
4724  currently issues an optional warning when non-methods use inherited
4725  C<AUTOLOAD>s.
4726  
4727  The simple rule is:  Inheritance will not work when autoloading
4728  non-methods.  The simple fix for old code is:  In any module that used
4729  to depend on inheriting C<AUTOLOAD> for non-methods from a base class
4730  named C<BaseClass>, execute C<*AUTOLOAD = \&BaseClass::AUTOLOAD> during
4731  startup.
4732  
4733  In code that currently says C<use AutoLoader; @ISA = qw(AutoLoader);>
4734  you should remove AutoLoader from @ISA and change C<use AutoLoader;> to
4735  C<use AutoLoader 'AUTOLOAD';>.
4736  
4737  =item Use of %s in printf format not supported
4738  
4739  (F) You attempted to use a feature of printf that is accessible from
4740  only C.  This usually means there's a better way to do it in Perl.
4741  
4742  =item Use of %s is deprecated
4743  
4744  (D deprecated) The construct indicated is no longer recommended for use,
4745  generally because there's a better way to do it, and also because the
4746  old way has bad side effects.
4747  
4748  =item Use of -l on filehandle %s
4749  
4750  (W io) A filehandle represents an opened file, and when you opened the file
4751  it already went past any symlink you are presumably trying to look for.
4752  The operation returned C<undef>.  Use a filename instead.
4753  
4754  =item Use of "package" with no arguments is deprecated
4755  
4756  (D deprecated) You used the C<package> keyword without specifying a package
4757  name. So no namespace is current at all. Using this can cause many
4758  otherwise reasonable constructs to fail in baffling ways. C<use strict;>
4759  instead.
4760  
4761  =item Use of reference "%s" as array index
4762  
4763  (W misc) You tried to use a reference as an array index; this probably
4764  isn't what you mean, because references in numerical context tend
4765  to be huge numbers, and so usually indicates programmer error.
4766  
4767  If you really do mean it, explicitly numify your reference, like so:
4768  C<$array[0+$ref]>.  This warning is not given for overloaded objects,
4769  either, because you can overload the numification and stringification
4770  operators and then you assumably know what you are doing.
4771  
4772  =item Use of reserved word "%s" is deprecated
4773  
4774  (D deprecated) The indicated bareword is a reserved word.  Future
4775  versions of perl may use it as a keyword, so you're better off either
4776  explicitly quoting the word in a manner appropriate for its context of
4777  use, or using a different name altogether.  The warning can be
4778  suppressed for subroutine names by either adding a C<&> prefix, or using
4779  a package qualifier, e.g. C<&our()>, or C<Foo::our()>.
4780  
4781  =item Use of tainted arguments in %s is deprecated
4782  
4783  (W taint, deprecated) You have supplied C<system()> or C<exec()> with multiple
4784  arguments and at least one of them is tainted.  This used to be allowed
4785  but will become a fatal error in a future version of perl.  Untaint your
4786  arguments.  See L<perlsec>.
4787  
4788  =item Use of uninitialized value%s
4789  
4790  (W uninitialized) An undefined value was used as if it were already
4791  defined.  It was interpreted as a "" or a 0, but maybe it was a mistake.
4792  To suppress this warning assign a defined value to your variables.
4793  
4794  To help you figure out what was undefined, perl will try to tell you the
4795  name of the variable (if any) that was undefined. In some cases it cannot
4796  do this, so it also tells you what operation you used the undefined value
4797  in.  Note, however, that perl optimizes your program and the operation
4798  displayed in the warning may not necessarily appear literally in your
4799  program.  For example, C<"that $foo"> is usually optimized into C<"that "
4800  . $foo>, and the warning will refer to the C<concatenation (.)> operator,
4801  even though there is no C<.> in your program.
4802  
4803  =item Using a hash as a reference is deprecated
4804  
4805  (D deprecated) You tried to use a hash as a reference, as in
4806  C<< %foo->{"bar"} >> or C<< %$ref->{"hello"} >>.  Versions of perl <= 5.6.1
4807  used to allow this syntax, but shouldn't have. It is now deprecated, and will
4808  be removed in a future version.
4809  
4810  =item Using an array as a reference is deprecated
4811  
4812  (D deprecated) You tried to use an array as a reference, as in
4813  C<< @foo->[23] >> or C<< @$ref->[99] >>.  Versions of perl <= 5.6.1 used to
4814  allow this syntax, but shouldn't have. It is now deprecated, and will be
4815  removed in a future version.
4816  
4817  =item UTF-16 surrogate %s
4818  
4819  (W utf8) You tried to generate half of an UTF-16 surrogate by
4820  requesting a Unicode character between the code points 0xD800 and
4821  0xDFFF (inclusive).  That range is reserved exclusively for the use of
4822  UTF-16 encoding (by having two 16-bit UCS-2 characters); but Perl
4823  encodes its characters in UTF-8, so what you got is a very illegal
4824  character.  If you really know what you are doing you can turn off
4825  this warning by C<no warnings 'utf8';>.
4826  
4827  =item Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined()
4828  
4829  (W misc) In a conditional expression, you used <HANDLE>, <*> (glob),
4830  C<each()>, or C<readdir()> as a boolean value.  Each of these constructs
4831  can return a value of "0"; that would make the conditional expression
4832  false, which is probably not what you intended.  When using these
4833  constructs in conditional expressions, test their values with the
4834  C<defined> operator.
4835  
4836  =item Value of CLI symbol "%s" too long
4837  
4838  (W misc) A warning peculiar to VMS.  Perl tried to read the value of an
4839  %ENV element from a CLI symbol table, and found a resultant string
4840  longer than 1024 characters.  The return value has been truncated to
4841  1024 characters.
4842  
4843  =item Variable "%s" is not available
4844  
4845  (W closure) During compilation, an inner named subroutine or eval is
4846  attempting to capture an outer lexical that is not currently available.
4847  This can happen for one of two reasons. First, the outer lexical may be
4848  declared in an outer anonymous subroutine that has not yet been created.
4849  (Remember that named subs are created at compile time, while anonymous
4850  subs are created at run-time.) For example,
4851  
4852      sub { my $a; sub f { $a } }
4853  
4854  At the time that f is created, it can't capture the current value of $a,
4855  since the anonymous subroutine hasn't been created yet. Conversely,
4856  the following won't give a warning since the anonymous subroutine has by
4857  now been created and is live:
4858  
4859      sub { my $a; eval 'sub f { $a }' }->();
4860  
4861  The second situation is caused by an eval accessing a variable that has
4862  gone out of scope, for example,
4863  
4864      sub f {
4865      my $a;
4866      sub { eval '$a' }
4867      }
4868      f()->();
4869  
4870  Here, when the '$a' in the eval is being compiled, f() is not currently being
4871  executed, so its $a is not available for capture.
4872  
4873  =item Variable "%s" is not imported%s
4874  
4875  (F) While "use strict" in effect, you referred to a global variable that
4876  you apparently thought was imported from another module, because
4877  something else of the same name (usually a subroutine) is exported by
4878  that module.  It usually means you put the wrong funny character on the
4879  front of your variable.
4880  
4881  =item Variable length lookbehind not implemented in m/%s/
4882  
4883  (F) Lookbehind is allowed only for subexpressions whose length is fixed and
4884  known at compile time.  See L<perlre>.
4885  
4886  =item "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s
4887  
4888  (W misc) A "my", "our" or "state" variable has been redeclared in the current
4889  scope or statement, effectively eliminating all access to the previous
4890  instance.  This is almost always a typographical error.  Note that the
4891  earlier variable will still exist until the end of the scope or until
4892  all closure referents to it are destroyed.
4893  
4894  =item Variable syntax
4895  
4896  (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead
4897  of Perl.  Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into
4898  Perl yourself.
4899  
4900  =item Variable "%s" will not stay shared
4901  
4902  (W closure) An inner (nested) I<named> subroutine is referencing a
4903  lexical variable defined in an outer named subroutine.
4904  
4905  When the inner subroutine is called, it will see the value of
4906  the outer subroutine's variable as it was before and during the *first*
4907  call to the outer subroutine; in this case, after the first call to the
4908  outer subroutine is complete, the inner and outer subroutines will no
4909  longer share a common value for the variable.  In other words, the
4910  variable will no longer be shared.
4911  
4912  This problem can usually be solved by making the inner subroutine
4913  anonymous, using the C<sub {}> syntax.  When inner anonymous subs that
4914  reference variables in outer subroutines are created, they
4915  are automatically rebound to the current values of such variables.
4916  
4917  =item Verb pattern '%s' has a mandatory argument in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ 
4918  
4919  (F) You used a verb pattern that requires an argument. Supply an argument
4920  or check that you are using the right verb.
4921  
4922  =item Verb pattern '%s' may not have an argument in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ 
4923  
4924  (F) You used a verb pattern that is not allowed an argument. Remove the 
4925  argument or check that you are using the right verb.
4926  
4927  =item Version number must be a constant number
4928  
4929  (P) The attempt to translate a C<use Module n.n LIST> statement into
4930  its equivalent C<BEGIN> block found an internal inconsistency with
4931  the version number.
4932  
4933  =item Version string '%s' contains invalid data; ignoring: '%s'
4934  
4935  (W misc) The version string contains invalid characters at the end, which
4936  are being ignored.
4937  
4938  =item v-string in use/require is non-portable
4939  
4940  (W portable) The use of v-strings is non-portable to older, pre-5.6, Perls.
4941  If you want your scripts to be backward portable, use the floating
4942  point version number: for example, instead of C<use 5.6.1> say
4943  C<use 5.006_001>. This of course won't make older Perls suddenly start
4944  understanding newer features, but at least they will show a sensible
4945  error message indicating the required minimum version.
4946  
4947  This warning is suppressed if the C<use 5.x.y> is preceded by a
4948  C<use 5.006> (see C<use VERSION> in L<perlfunc/use>).
4949  
4950  =item Warning: something's wrong
4951  
4952  (W) You passed warn() an empty string (the equivalent of C<warn "">) or
4953  you called it with no args and C<$@> was empty.
4954  
4955  =item Warning: unable to close filehandle %s properly
4956  
4957  (S) The implicit close() done by an open() got an error indication on
4958  the close().  This usually indicates your file system ran out of disk
4959  space.
4960  
4961  =item Warning: Use of "%s" without parentheses is ambiguous
4962  
4963  (S ambiguous) You wrote a unary operator followed by something that
4964  looks like a binary operator that could also have been interpreted as a
4965  term or unary operator.  For instance, if you know that the rand
4966  function has a default argument of 1.0, and you write
4967  
4968      rand + 5;
4969  
4970  you may THINK you wrote the same thing as
4971  
4972      rand() + 5;
4973  
4974  but in actual fact, you got
4975  
4976      rand(+5);
4977  
4978  So put in parentheses to say what you really mean.
4979  
4980  =item Wide character in %s
4981  
4982  (W utf8) Perl met a wide character (>255) when it wasn't expecting
4983  one.  This warning is by default on for I/O (like print).  The easiest
4984  way to quiet this warning is simply to add the C<:utf8> layer to the
4985  output, e.g. C<binmode STDOUT, ':utf8'>.  Another way to turn off the
4986  warning is to add C<no warnings 'utf8';> but that is often closer to
4987  cheating.  In general, you are supposed to explicitly mark the
4988  filehandle with an encoding, see L<open> and L<perlfunc/binmode>.
4989  
4990  =item Within []-length '%c' not allowed
4991  
4992  (F) The count in the (un)pack template may be replaced by C<[TEMPLATE]> only if
4993  C<TEMPLATE> always matches the same amount of packed bytes that can be
4994  determined from the template alone. This is not possible if it contains an
4995  of the codes @, /, U, u, w or a *-length. Redesign the template.
4996  
4997  =item write() on closed filehandle %s
4998  
4999  (W closed) The filehandle you're writing to got itself closed sometime
5000  before now.  Check your control flow.
5001  
5002  =item %s "\x%s" does not map to Unicode
5003  
5004  When reading in different encodings Perl tries to map everything
5005  into Unicode characters.  The bytes you read in are not legal in
5006  this encoding, for example
5007  
5008      utf8 "\xE4" does not map to Unicode
5009  
5010  if you try to read in the a-diaereses Latin-1 as UTF-8.
5011  
5012  =item 'X' outside of string
5013  
5014  (F) You had a (un)pack template that specified a relative position before
5015  the beginning of the string being (un)packed.  See L<perlfunc/pack>.
5016  
5017  =item 'x' outside of string in unpack
5018  
5019  (F) You had a pack template that specified a relative position after
5020  the end of the string being unpacked.  See L<perlfunc/pack>.
5021  
5022  =item YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!
5023  
5024  (F) And you probably never will, because you probably don't have the
5025  sources to your kernel, and your vendor probably doesn't give a rip
5026  about what you want.  Your best bet is to put a setuid C wrapper around
5027  your script.
5028  
5029  =item You need to quote "%s"
5030  
5031  (W syntax) You assigned a bareword as a signal handler name.
5032  Unfortunately, you already have a subroutine of that name declared,
5033  which means that Perl 5 will try to call the subroutine when the
5034  assignment is executed, which is probably not what you want.  (If it IS
5035  what you want, put an & in front.)
5036  
5037  =item Your random numbers are not that random
5038  
5039  (F) When trying to initialise the random seed for hashes, Perl could
5040  not get any randomness out of your system.  This usually indicates
5041  Something Very Wrong.
5042  
5043  =back
5044  
5045  =head1 SEE ALSO
5046  
5047  L<warnings>, L<perllexwarn>.
5048  
5049  =cut


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